The structure and organization of the human body

The structure and organization of the human body Unit 3 The Structure, Function and Organisation of The Human Body Outcome 1 Handout UNIT 3: THE STRUCTURE, ORGANISATION AND FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY OUTCOME 1 The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life. It is usually a microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semi-permeable membrane. Some organisms, such as most bacteria, are unicellular(consist of a single cell). Other organisms, such as humans, are multicellular. Each cell is at least somewhat self-contained and self-maintaining: it can take in nutrients, convert these nutrients into energy, carry out specialized functions, and reproduce as necessary. Each cell stores its own set of instructions for carrying out each of these activities. Comparison of structures between animal and plant cells Typical animal cell Typical plant cell Organelles Nucleus Nucleolus (within nucleus) Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Smooth ER Ribosomes Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus Cytoplasm Mitochondria Vesicles Lysosomes Centrosome Centrioles Nucleus Nucleolus (within nucleus) Rough ER Smooth ER Ribosomes Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus (dictiosomes) Cytoplasm Mitochondria Vacuoles Cell wall ORGANELLES Nucleus- Controls the cell. It consists of the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin, and nucleoplasm. Nucleolus- are non-membraneous matrix of RNA (ribonucleic acid) and protein. found in the nucleus. Instructions in DNA are copied here. It works with ribosomes in the synthesis of protein. Chromosomes- Determines what traits a living thing will have, passes information from parent to offspring. Cell Membrane- same as unit membrane. Gives the cell shape, holds the cytoplasm, and controls what moves into and out of the cell. acts as a boundary layer to contain the cytoplasm (fluid in cell) interlocking surfaces bind cells together. Cytoplasm- Jellylike material (cytosol and organelles), most of the cells chemical reactions take place there, and made up of mostly water and some chemicals. Vacuoles- Liquid-filled, may store food, water, minerals, or wastes. There maybe more than one. In plants it takes up a lot of space, produce turgor pressure against cell wall for support. Mitochondria- Produce energy when food is broken down, often called the powerhouse of the cell. Its structure is composed of modified double unit membrane (protein, lipid). Its inner membrane infolded to form cristae. It is the site of cellular respiration i.e. the release of chemical energy from food Glucose + Oxygen > Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP) Ribosomes- Where proteins are made, and often connected to the endoplasmic reticulum. A cell may have as many as 500,000. They are non-membraneous, spherical bodies composed of RNA (ribonucleic acid) and protein enzymes. They are the site of protein synthesis. Endoplasmic Reticulum- The transportation system in the cell, connects the nuclear membrane with the cell membrane. Used in detoxification of the cell. ER. Forms a tubular network throughout the cell. Provides a large surface area for the organization of chemical reactions and synthesis. Centrioles- Found only in animal cells, is used in cell reproduction to help the chromosomes arrange before cell division. They are nine triplets of microtubules form one centriole. Two centrioles form one centrosome. They form spindle fibres to separate chromosomes during cell division. Golgi apparatus(bodies)- Stacks of flattened sacs of unit membrane (cisternae) vesicles pinch off the edges. Modifies chemicals to make them functional. Secretes chemicals in tiny vesicles. Stores chemicals. May produce endoplasmic reticulum. Lysosomes- digests food particles with enzymes, pinched of pieces of golgi apparatus. Are membrane bound bag containing hydrolytic enzymes. Are hydrolytic enzyme = (water split biological catalyst) i.e. using water to split chemical bonds. They break large molecules into small molecules by inserting a molecule of water into the chemical bond. Cell Wall- Found only in plant cells. Forms a thick outer covering outside the cell membrane, gives the plant support and shape. Is a non-living secretion of the cell membrane, composed of cellulose. They are cellulose fibrils deposited in alternating layers for strength. Cell wall contains pits (openings) that make it totally permeable. It provides protection from physical injury and together with vacuole, provides skeletal support. Chloroplasts- Found only in plant cells. Found in the cytoplasm of green plant cells, contain chlorophyll, traps the energy from light, and is where photosynthesis takes place. It is composed of a double layer of modified membrane (protein,chlorophyll, lipid). The inner membrane invaginates to form layers called grana (sing., granum) where chlorophyll is concentrated. It is the site of photosynthesis chlorophyll Carbon Dioxide + Water > Glucose + Oxygen radiant energy (food). TISSUE There are many different types of cells in the human body. None of these cells function well on there own, they are part of the larger organism that is called you. Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism. Hence, a tissue is an ensemble of cells, not necessarily identical, but from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function. Organsare then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues. Cells group together in the body to form tissues a collection of similar cells that group together to perform a specialized function. There are 4 primary tissue types in the human body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nerve tissue. 1. Epithelial Tissue- The cells of epithelial tissue pack tightly together and form continuous sheets that serve as linings in different parts of the body. Epithelial tissue serve as membranes lining organs and helping to keep the bodys organs separate, in place and protected. Some examples of epithelial tissue are the outer layer of the skin, the inside of the mouth and stomach, and the tissue surrounding the bodys organs. 2. Connective Tissue- There are many types of connective tissue in the body. Generally speaking, connective tissue adds support and structure to the body. Most types of connective tissue contain fibrous strands of the protein collagen that add strength to connective tissue. Some examples of connective tissue include the inner layers of skin, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone and fat tissue. In addition to these more recognizable forms of connective tissue, blood is also considered a form of connective tissue. 3. Muscle Tissue- Muscle tissue is a specialized tissue that can contract. Muscle tissue contains the specialized proteins actin and myosin that slide past one another and allow movement. Examples of muscle tissue are contained in the muscles throughout your body. 4. Nerve Tissue- Nerve tissue contains two types of cells: neurons and glial cells. Nerve tissue has the ability to generate and conduct electrical signals in the body. These electrical messages are managed by nerve tissue in the brain and transmitted down the spinal cord to the body. ORGANS Organs are the next level of organization in the body. An organ is a structure that contains at least two different types of tissue functioning together for a common purpose. There are many different organs in the body: the liver, kidneys, heart, even your skin is an organ. In fact, the skin is the largest organ in the human body and provides us with an excellent example for explanation purposes. The skin is composed of three layers: the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin. It consists of epithelial tissue in which the cells are tightly packed together providing a barrier between the inside of the body and the outside world. Below the epidermis lies a layer of connective tissue called the dermis. In addition to providing support for the skin, the dermis has many other purposes. The dermis contains blood vessels that nourish skin cells. It contains nerve tissue that provides feeling in the skin. And it contains muscle tissue that is responsible for giving you goosebumps when you get cold or frightened. The subcutaneous layer is beneath the dermis and consists mainly of a type of connective tissue called adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is more commonly known as fat and it helps cushion the skin and provide protection from cold temperatures. Nervous tissue: is one of four major classes of vertebrate tissue. Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system-the brain, spinal cord, and nerves-which regulates and controls body functions. It is composed of neurones, which transmit impulses, and the neuroglia, which assist propagation of the nerveimpulse as well as provide nutrientsto the neuron. Every time you get pinched, part of your nerve tissue is damaged. Nervous tissue is made of nerve cells that come in many varieties, all of which are distinctly characteristic by the axon or long stem like part of the cell that sends action potential signals to the next cell. Functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, controls of muscles and glands, homeostasis, and mental activity. All living cells have the ability to react to stimuli. Nervous tissue is specialized to react to stimuli and to conduct impulses to various organs in the body which bring about a response to the stimulus. Nerve tissue (as in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that branch throughout the body) are all made up of specialized nerve cells called neurons. Neurons are easily stimulated and transmit impulses very rapidly. A nerve is made up of many nerve cell fibres (neurons) bound together by connective tissue. A sheath of dense connective tissue, the epineurium surrounds the nerve. This sheath penetrates the nerve to form the perineurium which surrounds bundles of nerve fibres. Blood vessels of various sizes can be seen in the epineurium. The endoneurium, which consists of a thin layer of loose connective tissue, surrounds the individual nerve fibres. The cell body is enclosed by a cell (plasma) membrane and has a central nucleus. Granules called Nissl bodies are found in the cytoplasm of the cell body. Within the cell body, extremely fine neurofibrils extend from the dendrites into the axon. The axon is surrounded by the myelin sheath, which forms a whitish, non-cellular, fatty layer around the axon. Outside the myelin sheath is a cellular layer called the neurilemma or sheath of Schwann cells. The myelin sheath together with the neurilemma is also known as the medullary sheath. This medullary sheath is interrupted at intervals by the nodes of Ranvier. Neuronal Communication Nerve cells are functionally made to each other at a junction known as a synapse, where the terminal branches of an axon and the dendrites of another neuron lie in close proximity to each other but normally without direct contact. Information is transmitted across the gap by chemical secretions called neurotransmitters. It causes activation in the post-synaptic cell. All cells possess the ability to respond to stimuli.

Prejudice and Racism in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Prejudice and Racism in Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn    Despite all the criticism, of racism and other questionable material for young readers, Mark Twain’s The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn is a superbly written novel, which in the opinion of this reviewer should not be remove the literary cannon. Twain’s novel is a coming of age story that teaches young people many valuable lessons and to some extend makes students reexamine their own lives and morals. The most common argument for its removal from the literary canon is that the novel is too racist; it offends black readers, perpetuates cheap slave-era stereotypes, and deserves no place on today’s bookshelves.   However one must ask if Twain is encouraging traditional southern racism or is Twain disputing these idea.    On a superficial level The Adventures Huckleberry Finn might appear to be racist, and for the most obvious reason: many characters use the word â€Å"nigger† throughout the novel. But since the action of the book takes place in the south twenty years before the Civil War, it would be amazing if they didn’t use that word. A closer reading also reveals Twain’s serious satiric intent. In one scene, for instance, Aunt Sally hears of a steamboat explosion. â€Å"Good gracious! anybody hurt?† she asks. â€Å"No'm,† comes the answer. â€Å"Killed a nigger† (Mark Twain, Huckleberry Finn 1409). But anyone who imagines that Mark Twain meant this literally is missing the point. Rather, Twain is using this casual dialogue ironically, as a way to underscore the chilling truth about the old south, that it was a society where perfectly â€Å"nice† people didn’t consider the death of a black person worth their notice. To drive the point home, T wain has the lady continue: â€Å"We... ...e end of the novel, Huck and the reader have come to understand that Jim is not someone’s property or an inferior man, but an equal. To say that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a racist novel is absurd, but there are always some hot-heads claiming that the novel is racist. These claims are not simply attempts to damage the image of a great novel, they come from people who are hurt by racism and don’t like seeing it in any context. However, they must realize that this novel and its author are not racist, and the purpose of the story is to prove black equality. It is vital for the reader to recognize these ideas as society’s and to recognize that Twain throughout the novel does encourage racist ideas, he disputes them. For this reason, and its profound moral implication, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn should not be removed from the literary canon. [1056]   

European And International Dimensions Of Education Education Essay

Globalization as defined by Giddens is the intensification of world-wide societal dealingss which link distant vicinities in such a manner that local occurrences are shaped by events happening many stat mis off and frailty versa ‘ . It is a procedure of turning to a planetary and world-wide in political, economic, societal and educational sectors. Cantu ( 2003 ) defines instruction ‘as geting accomplishments ‘ . Education is besides about geting cognition, developing consciousness and critical thought. Cogburn ( no day of the month ) has described instruction as ‘generally seen as a formal procedure of direction, based on a theory of instruction, to leave formal cognition ( to one or more pupils ) ‘ . In this essay, I will discourse the effects of globalisation on instruction, peculiarly on formal instruction. In my sentiment, globalisation has brought more positive impacts on instruction and educational system as a whole such as on course of study cours e of study, the schools ‘ and universities ‘ ambiance every bit good as the instruction and larning procedure instead than the negative. There are different classs of globalization as mentioned by Bottery ( 2006 ) ; ‘political globalization, economic globalization, cultural globalization, environmental globalization and demographic globalization ‘ . Each class shows different impacts on the universe and current issues every bit good as instruction. Political globalization shows the spread of political thoughts and that political relations can non be separated from the development of educational sector. As mentioned by Emler and Frazer ( 1999 ) , there is ‘political instruction ‘ which refers to the function of schools and other educational establishments in bring forthing political histrions ; citizens, topics, governors. In order to make this, there need to be some political content in classs and course of study ( Emler and Frazer, 1999 ) . I agree with Emler and Frazer because pupils need to hold exposure to what is go oning in the universe of political relations to fix themselves for the her eafter. For illustration, for future calling, pupils who are interested in arguments and giving talk can be farther trained in higher establishments to be politicians and attorneies. Politicss constitute state, authorities and society. The consequence on instruction is that pupils are cognizant about local and abroad ‘ premier curate and the issues sing this country to be a responsible citizen. Globalisation makes it possible for the information to make everyone in the universe through mass media. In Malaysia, pupils are forbidden from taking portion in political dockets, they are qualified to vote during election at the age of 21. However, most pupils get downing from the secondary schools are familiar with the local political relations, the authorities and resistance, through assorted subjects in their course of study course of study, telecasting intelligence and newspapers. The challenge is that when some pupils may take political relations to the extreme by socking others who have different political positions. Another positive impact of globalization is that instruction adoption can be done within states. ‘Policy borrowing ‘ as defined by Raffe ( 2011 ) is in which ‘best pattern from abroad is identified and transferred back place ‘ . A state can borrow other states ‘ thoughts about instruction and implement them in their educational system. Normally, the 1 that is borrowed from is a successful state such as Finland and the borrower is the underdeveloped state. Sahlberg ( 2009:324 ) has described ‘the accomplishment that Finland has made over clip get downing with the steady growing in engagement in all degrees of Finnish instruction since 1970 to in 1980s, there has been a rapid growing in the upper secondary instruction sector and in 1990s up to now, within third and big instruction sectors ‘ . As Finland is ranked really high for their successful instruction, United Kingdom as a developed state has besides showed involvement in Finnish instructi on. This is similar to sharing thoughts about what is best for their educational system and seek to use to see if it works. Whereas ‘policy larning ‘ as cited by Raffe ( 2011 ) , ‘uses experiences from ‘policy borrowing ‘ for assorted intents, including understanding one ‘s ain system better, placing common tendencies and force per unit areas impacting all systems, clear uping other policy schemes and placing issues raised by each scheme ‘ . By analysing others ‘ instruction system, a state can place the strength and failing of its ain system. Subsequently on governments can make up one's mind whether to go on utilizing the thoughts for few old ages more or to modify to accommodate it with their system. In early yearss, it was a disadvantage for adult females because societies merely allowed work forces to acquire instruction while the misss were denied their rights to travel to school and alternatively were asked to make house jobs. However, as globalisation takes topographic point, issues about equality in instruction for both work forces and adult females are brought up. The universe societies are altering ; adult females ‘ rights to have instruction similar to work forces are being acknowledged. The result is that adult females gain chances to travel to school and pursue higher instruction. As reported this twelvemonth by Catcheside ( 2012 ) , ‘women pupils outnumber work forces by three to two in many universities, and in some establishments where there are big instructions or nursing classs by every bit many as two to one ‘ . I do agree and it is non surprising that the figure of adult females at both schools and universities are higher than the male pupils a nd their accomplishments are more impressive than the males. Catcheside ( 2012 ) has besides approved this in a study ; ‘girls now outstrip male childs in the proportion of top classs achieved in all but a smattering of topics at cardinal phase three. Not merely are they much more likely to acquire good classs than male childs, they are more likely to take cardinal phase 3 makings in the first topographic point ‘ . On another positive note, both male and female pupils are likely to be treated every bit at schools and universities which cut down gender favoritism in educational system. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005:524 ) have criticized that ‘although the instruction gender spread has narrowed in Western states in recent decennaries, many adult females still study traditionally feminine topics such as literature, while work forces prosecute mathematics and technology ‘ . I agree towards certain extent such as adult females are prosecuting nursing and other feminine occupations whereas work forces are likely to travel into military footing, but nowadays they are given more freedom to take what they want to make. There are female pupils who choose technology over literature and secretary ‘s classs and frailty versa. Globalization has besides opened up competition between adult females and work forces in more countries including instruction and employment. It is an optimistic altera tion as parents are more open-minded by schooling their misss and for hapless households ; their educated girls can alter their economic system position by acquiring occupations with their makings. As agreed by Dr. Farooq Wardak ( in Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Ministry of Education, 2010:4 ) , ‘there are strong links between an person ‘s educational degree and his/her economic accomplishments ‘ . The impact of globalization on instruction can besides be seen in the increasing figure of schools being built. Ming ( 2009 ) has reported that in Malaysia ‘the figure of national primary schools have increased from 4844 in 1990 to 5761 in 2005, an addition of 19 % ‘ . Although there are negative effects on environment, development is important to get by with the big figure of pupils that increases each twelvemonth. Ming ( 2009 ) adds, ‘the addition in the figure of national primary schools because of the big addition in the figure of pupils enrolled in them ‘ . Globalisation leads to an addition in population due to the raising rate of migration and birth. Many schools are renovated and equipped with modern installations such as computing machine, cyberspace beginning, research lab setup and projector to guarantee the survey environment is convenient for pupils. Today, globalization has besides supported duplicating programmes between universities to go on, s uch as the B.Ed TESL programme between Malaysian teacher preparation universities and universities in the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia. This programme has given pupils a immense chance to accommodate themselves in English speech production states and better better their proficiency in English. There is besides pupils exchange programme which sends pupils off to other states which can supply better exposure of peculiar Fieldss. For illustration, some technology pupils in Malaysia are sent for a 6-month class in Korea and frailty versa and secondary pupils in Nipponese school are sent to Malaysia for 3 hebdomads to larn about Malaysia. Chin ( 2009 ) has agreed to this sentiment by admiting that ‘higher establishments have become more self-consciously planetary, particularly universities of the advanced states by seeking pupils from different parts of the universe, directing their ain pupils abroad in educational exchange programmes to fix them for planetary callings , offering survey classs which address the challenges of an interrelated universe and collaborative research to progress scientific discipline ‘ . However, there are establishments that found the thought of giving pupils a planetary experience while larning locally rather magnetizing. Choudaha ( 2012 ) has come up with a term ‘glocal ‘ which means ‘global aspirations with local experiences and the accent is on pupils who are willing to pay for a planetary educational pattern while remaining in their place state or part ‘ . Asiatic states such as China, Malaysia and India have been offering ‘glocal ‘ instruction to their local pupils. Meanwhile, states such as the UK and Australia have been innovators in offering multinational instruction and their work force such as instructors and professors are in demand to function glocals ( Choudaha, 2012 ) . In my sentiment, this new section is similar to holding foreign subdivision campuses in local states such as University of Nottingham in Malaysia, China and United Kingdom which are called University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, University of Notti ngham, Ninbo, China and University of Nottingham United Kingdom severally ( Chin, 2009 ) . Apart from that, Monash University has campuses in Australia, Malaysia, China, India, South Africa and Italy ( Chin, 2009 ) which allow local pupils to see what Monash has to offer. They can take portion in assorted classs from scientific discipline watercourse to concern, jurisprudence and humanistic disciplines through planetary and international ambiance. As mentioned by Whitehead ( 2012 ) , ‘historically Malaysia has sent its pupils abroad for their instruction, now it is fixing to change by reversal that place, it wants to go the hub of its part pulling 1000s pupils from across south-east Asia to its universities in immense Numberss by pulling foreign universities to put up abroad campuses ‘ . As per economic system, Ming ( 2009 ) has mentioned that the ‘continuous growing in economic relationships among states, a planetary displacement towards free-market kineticss, and increasing consumerism are some factors impacting establishments of higher instruction i.e. universities ‘ . Hence, because of globalisation there will be more coaction between local and foreign universities, lectors and pupils. Head of the section of economic sciences at the University of Warwick, Abhinay Muthoo ( 2012 ) has commented on the UK ‘s higher instruction system as concern by stating ‘we export instruction, purchased by clients and designed by intellectuals from all corners of the Earth ‘ . For illustration, India is presently pulling pupils from the USA, China, Canada, Germany, Malaysia and Australia to analyze at that place ( Wilson, 2012 ) . Furthermore, states are taking the enterprise to enroll instructors and pedagogues from other states such as Malaysia and Korea are conveying in English instructors from the United States to learn English at their local schools. The consequence is that, English speech production pedagogues could assist supplying a more meaningful lesson to the local pupils. The challenge is foreign pedagogues will hold to larn the local civilizations to suit them in the society and non look impolite or uncomfortable. The alteration in the economic-environment will non merely impact the educational environment and system but besides touristry. Foreigners who come to work may desire to convey their households to the state they are working in and may publicize topographic points of attractive forces in the states to their local friends. Globalisation creates planetary links between states in the universe which enable a smooth flow international trade and planetary market such as touristry, the import and export. Blessinger and Kovbasyuk ( 2012 ) have stated that ‘global acquisition is the cultivation of multiple, diverse, and planetary positions. It allows one to develop the intercultural competences necessary to go a planetary citizen who can understand issues from multiple positions and derive a deeper grasp of and tolerance for diverseness of all types ( cultural, lingual, spiritual, political, for illustration ) ‘ . In footings of societal and cultural, planetary citizens are exposed to the differences of assorted civilizations in the universe and larn about esteeming each other ‘s civilization. Globalisation reduces cultural barriers and enables multicultural democracy among pupils. As kids are populating in a multicultural community, they begin to accept others and are comfy to analyze in a multiracial school. Racism can be avoided specifically among Black, White, Asiatic, non-Asian, Muslim and other faiths if their moral and spiritual instructions are good taught by pedagogues. They can besides larn from their milieus and develop the sense of sensitiveness from their societal interactions at school and outside. As supported by Blessinger and Kovbasyuk ( 2012 ) , ‘within practical planetary communities, pupils and pedagogues can larn to go more socially minded and ethically responsible planetary citizens who, in bend, can assist better relationships in the broader universe community ‘ . Furthermore, through socializing with international pupils can be a manner for non-English pupils to better their proficiency in English. They can pattern utilizing the linguistic communication that they have learned in the schoolroom in a more reliable surrounding. Mohini Mohamed ( 2008:92 ) has stated that ‘students need entree to multicultural environment, appropriate usage of first linguistic communication and utilize effectual English method of content direction every bit good as chance to demo their competency in a assortment of ways †˜ . In other words, globalization has proved that collaborative acquisition between pupils of different cultural background can be a success. The obvious advantage pointed out by Blessinger and Kovbasyuk ( 2012 ) is that ‘working on shared undertakings can enrich pupils ‘ experiences and open them to more critical ways of thought and more originative signifiers of problem-solving ‘ . The jobs that are caused by globalization, socially, when pupils are exposed to other civilizations different from theirs, they can be influenced to blindly follow the civilizations and beliefs even though those are non suited with their milieus. From my observation, some pupils are into Punk and Skinhead based on what they have seen on telecasting programmes and to pattern those in traditional-bound surrounding is non appropriate. Modernization, urbanization, Westernization besides affect pupils ‘ behaviour at school because at some topographic points like Holland weeds, drugs can be bought from street stores. It may do societal job if pupils decide to hold them during school period. Following is in term of interaction, in Korea, non utilizing honorific when mentioning or naming person older than you is non acceptable and considered rude. However, in England and America, to name an aged by name is normal and friendly. Hence, if pupils do non see what is acceptable in the socie ty they are populating in before following other civilizations, it may impact their relationship with others such as instructors. Issues such as homosexualism and tribade are non taboo in some states. For case in France, their openness to homosexualism can be seen in their instruction system. The governments have published text editions incorporating subjects about homosexuals and tribades households which are called as modern households ( Abry et al. , 2008 ) . It means their pupils and adolescents are exposed to this type of lifestyle but in Muslim states like Arab and Malaysia and other states, governments are strongly opposing this affair. Hence, the negative impact is if pupils are influenced by inappropriate civilizations as seen by their society. Another positive impact of globalization on instruction is the debut of engineering, on-line instruction or e-learning at school. E-Learning consulting ( no day of the month ) defines e-learning as the usage of engineering to enable people to larn anytime and anyplace. This fits in the planetary universe because modernisation and urbanisation come together and pupils are comfy with utilizing technological devices and cyberspace. Blessinger and Kovbasyuk ( 2012 ) have agreed that ‘today ‘s pupils hence tend to be more digitally savvy, nomadic and ephemeral, socially connected, and more democratic in their worldview ‘ . Hence, this instruction and larning method of utilizing technological devices will work with our digital coevals. They can hold contact with other overseas ‘ pupils through societal webs to portion about each other civilizations and point of views. One method is ocular acquisition that is done online such as Skype and pupils can hold a treatment yarn in their universities ‘ electronic mail and on Facebook group which can be accomplished outside of a normal schoolroom. In my sentiment, any treatment yarn method is effectual to larning because it is easier for pupils as they can notice on one subject and discuss with other pupils. Unfortunately, online acquisition could be hard to be applied in rural country where cyberspace connexion is barely accessible. However, to accomplish a planetary instruction criterion, many states are taking more earnestly about supplying these technological and modern installations to all schools. For illustration, Wilson ( 2012 ) indicates that ‘virtual acquisition in India can be done because computing machine was rather inexpensive at that place ‘ . In close hereafter, it is non surprising if all schools are equipped with computing machines every bit good as those in rural countries. However, the innovation of tape recording, picture recording, audio recording, PowerPoint pres entation and Interactive Whiteboard ( IWB ) are really utile for pedagogues and pupils in surveies and presentations. The job that will happen is pupils ‘ abuse of the engineering and cyberspace with texting in schoolroom, picture games, online chatting and phonography. Teachers need to supervise the pupils but the pupils besides need to larn to command themselves. In term of course of study, Information and Communication Technology ( ICT ) has now become one of the of import topics at most schools because of globalization. Students are taught basic cognition about computing machine and cyberspace and they are larning utilizing them. For illustration, in Malaysia, pupils besides learn about the connexion between Science and Technology through a topic called English Science and Technology. Knowledge on scientific discipline, mathematics and engineering is besides indispensable to travel frontward with modernization. By utilizing cyberspace, it is possible to demo reliable illustrations of innovations that have been created and groundss of many scientific researches to pupils. The sweetening in Vocational Education and Training ( VET ) is another benefit of globalisation. Advanced preparation offers enable pupils to travel abroad for developing in specialist states. It can either be a really short intensive class or a 2 to 3 old ages programme. H armonizing to Draft National Education Strategic Plan for Afghanistan ( in Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Ministry of Education, 2010:11 ) , the purpose of proficient and vocational instruction and preparation is to ‘to supply relevant and choice proficient and vocational instruction for both males and females in order to enable them to run into the demands of the labour market in Afghanistan and the part, and to lend to the just and balanced development of the state ‘ . Similarly to other states, VET provides chances for pupils who are interested in this field to widen their cognition and to fix them for future calling. Cogburn ( no day of the month ) has stated that ‘the function of cognition within the economic system is taking to a whole scope of new industries and new developments in biotechnology, new stuffs scientific discipline, information sciences, computing machine scientific discipline, et cetera ‘ . Courses such as media, telecommunication and science-related topics are in demand since the universe will necessitate more experts in these Fieldss in the hereafter. Globalisation gives impact on instructors and pedagogues economically through the sum of rewards they receive. The sum additions compared to the epoch before globalization started. Harmonizing to NY Times ( 2011:2 ) , ‘the norm get downing salary for a Finnish instructor was $ 29,000 in 2008 ‘ . Traveling on, globalisation besides effects the employment of fresh alumnuss and pupils that have completed high schools in this epoch. Cantu ( 2003 ) has mentioned that ‘the lowest rewards for this decennary were for persons with some high school and no grade. The highest rewards throughout the decennary were for persons who had attained a professional grade. The educational degrees whose average rewards were the closest were Professional and Doctorate grades ‘ . It shows how importance is instruction to last in this urbanisation and competitory universe and to suit kids to the on the job universe. Cantu ( 2003 ) has said that ‘the more notable statistic is the fact that the less instruction a individual receives, the more likely they will be unemployed. While more instruction does non vouch employment, the higher the instruction degree, the more competitory a individual will be in the occupation market ‘ . However, taking Malaysia as an illustration, globalization has changed Malayan course of study in footings of boring pupils to memorize to giving pupils more chance to be originative and believe more critically. Norsiah Fauzan ( no date:173 ) has commented by stating ‘our educational system and course of study alterations its accent from memory based larning to an instruction that stimulates believing, creativeness, lovingness, providing for single abilities and larning manners ‘ . Norsiah Fauzan ( no date:173 ) adds, ‘we are seeking for a meaningful, socially responsible, multicultural, holistic and technological course of study beside looking for a more planetary manner to better the quality of instruction concentrating on values, attitudes and behaviour in a society full of diverseness particularly in footings of race and civilization ‘ . From my experience, I recall when I was a primary and secondary school pupils, I spent most of my clip analyzing for tes ts by memorising notes and even theoretical account essays. The purpose was no other than to go through tests with good Markss even though I did non to the full understand the lesson or the aim of analyzing subjects such as algebra and square root in Mathematics. As globalization and internalization are germinating quickly, the governments have decided that pupils need to be trained to be all-rounded and that instruction should learn pupils to pattern their cognition. In order to vie in the planetary universe, competence and accomplishments are of import. Other than that, because of globalisation, English has become an of import linguistic communication to the universe. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005 ) have cited, ‘English is quickly emerging as the preferable 2nd linguistic communication of most of the universe ‘ . The consequence on instruction is that English is one of the nucleus topics in most schools and universities across the universe. Apart from prioritising one ‘s ain native linguistic communication, to hold a good English proficiency is indispensable as it is a lingua franca to link with other states in the universe. Mohini Mohamed ( 2008:90 ) says that ‘the ground for utilizing English can be seen as useful in nature because they hope by geting and get the hanging English among their pupils can better their chance in the occupation market ‘ . Books, articles, diaries and cyberspace beginnings are largely published in English and assignments and undertaking plants at higher establishments are in E nglish. Students at schools study English literature poesy from assorted renowned poets such as Shakespeare and Dickens and some pupils major in Literature at higher instruction. They do non entirely larn their ain literature but besides literature of other civilizations in different states. Students in the English speech production states learn other esteemed linguistic communication such as Spanish and Gallic. Students besides learn about humanistic disciplines originated from other states such as the celebrated Masaccio ‘s and Leonardo da Vinci ‘s plants. All these are cogent evidence for ‘cultural hybridization ‘ that occurs due to globalization and universalisation. It refers to the ways in which parts of a civilization ( linguistic communication, patterns, and symbols ) are recombined with the other civilizations which happens a batch nowadays ( Macionis and Plummer, 2005 ) . Education in globalised universe, although it transfers cultural values, it can besides do societal inequalities and societal divisions. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005:521 ) have explained that ‘education becomes a agency for the reproduction of society ‘s inequalities: it can move as a agency of societal control, reenforcing credence of the position quo and may run to reproduce the position hierarchy ‘ . The state of affairs is normally occurred in private or elect schools. Students analyzing in private and elect schools are usually from affluent and high position households while those in national schools have mix household backgrounds. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005:517 ) has shown an illustration in British elite schools ‘such elect schools non merely learn academic topics, they besides convey to kids from affluent households the typical forms of address, idiosyncrasies and societal graces of British upper category ‘ . Parents pay expensive school fees to register their kids in elect schools. Social division occurs because elect school pupils have fewer opportunities to blend with working category pupils in the community. Their societal circle is restricted to pupils of similar societal criterions and backgrounds. Hence, they may make their ain perceptual experiences of pupils outside their societal circle without cognizing them which can take to downgrading others. In decision, globalization is so has helped a batch in the development of the educational sector. Although different authorities has different docket to better their instruction system, we are all working to accomplish the planetary instruction criterions and to bring forth planetary citizens. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005 ) have commented that ‘societies around the universe now have more contact with one another ; bask more cooperation, than of all time before. These planetary connexions involve the flow of goods, information and people ‘ . In the hereafter, I hope there will be more positive impacts on instruction from globalization and that the negative impacts can be reduced from clip to clip.

A Good Man Is Hard to Find Grandmother Is the Central...

A Good Man is Hard to Find The grandmother is the central character in the short story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† by Flannery O’Connor. She is also a very well rounded and dynamic character. She shows various characteristics and reveals various remarks as they story progresses. Some of her qualities include selfish and a pushy person. She is also kind of manipulator in a way that she insists her family to change the plan. At the beginning of the story when we first realize her desire to visit her childhood house, she is being a very selfish person. Examining her conversation with her son Bailey, the grandmother is moreover a pushy person. She is convincing Bailey to change the trip plan according to her need only and which will†¦show more content†¦I’ll give you all the money I’ve got!† (O’Connor 355). She is pleading the Misfit for her life only by saying the word lady repeatedly and offering him the money. She is also praisi ng the Misfit by calling him a good man and trying to save her life. She was also careless about her family. When her family is taken down into the woods, she continues to talk to Misfit. She ignores the sound of when her son and rest of the family were being shot. She is apparently oblivious to many things. She was ignoring everything but the Misfit. â€Å"The shirt came flying at him and landed on his shoulders and he put it on. The grandmother couldn’t name what the shirt reminded her of† (O’Connor 354). The grandmother doesn’t even realize that shirt was her son Baileys. She had no interest in knowing where that shirt came from and what happened to my family. For the concern of her life only, she tries to persuade the Misfit the same way she tried with her family. â€Å"I know you’re a good man. You don’t look a bit like you have common blood. I know you must come from nice people!† (O’Connor 352). She is trying to manipula te the Misfit and hopes that he will bear her. She is thinking about no one else but the sake for herself. However she fails once again to influence the Misfit. One of her characteristics in the story is being a very pushy person. Even when she is not heard by her family, she continues to praise her homeland hoping that Bailey would change hisShow MoreRelatedConceited Judgment and the Pitfall of Pride1298 Words   |  5 PagesConnor’s short stories â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† and â€Å"Good Country People,† there is a central theme about the negative effects of trusting one’s own judgment too readily, as well as using religion to manipulate people. It is easy to see multiple connections to this theme in the two short stories, although the specific events themselves are different. For instance, Hulga from â€Å"Good Country People† believes her intelligence allows her to see people’s true character, but she is ultimately leftRead Mor eMain Themes In Good Country People970 Words   |  4 PagesO’Connor is an American short story writer and her short story â€Å"Good Country People† depicts Hulga, a highly educated woman and has a PhD, is being jerked around by an immoral bible salesman. â€Å"A good man is hard to find†, also written by O’Connor, is a short story of a grandmother and her family murdered by a horrible man who called â€Å"the misfit† during the road trip to Florida. Although â€Å"Good country people† and â€Å"a good man is hard to find† are written by the same author, many elements in those two storiesRead MoreA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor748 Words   |  3 PagesFlannery O’Connor’s Southern Gothic short story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† is one of sudden violence; although, it begins rather uneventful (Kaplan 1). Bailey, his wife, and their children, John Wesley, June Star, and a baby boy, are all l ooking forward to a trip to Florida. Grandmother, Bailey’s mom, wants to go to east Tennessee to see her relatives, not Florida. She uses an article in the newspaper that tells of an escaped criminal, the Misfit, which is headed to Florida to try to persuadeRead MoreThemes Of Good Country People769 Words   |  4 Pages Flannery O’Connor’s short story â€Å"Good Country People† depicts Hulga, a highly educated woman and has a PhD, is being jerked around by an immoral bible salesman. â€Å"A good man is hard to find† is a story of a grandmother and her family murdered by a horrible man who called â€Å"the misfit† during the road trip. Although â€Å"Good country people† and â€Å"a good man is hard to find† are written by the same author, many elements in those two stories cause them have similar themes in religion, misplace trust andRead More A Good Man Is Hard To Find by Mary Flannery O’Connor Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pageswrote â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† in 1955. â€Å"Her works combine flat realism with grotesque situations; violence occurs without apparent reason or preparation.† (Roberts 429). â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† is about a southern family’s trip to Florida which takes a dramatic turn. T his story was written in O’Connor’s first collection of short stories. â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† is a compelling story of tragedy that utilizes humor and irony to draw the reader’s attention, and two major characters to conveyRead MoreEssay On The Misfit And The Grandmother1359 Words   |  6 PagesMisfit and The Grandmother†, the author argues that the Misfit and the Grandmother of Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard To Find† are ultimately the same character. Specifically, that the Misfit is the more evolved version of the Grandmother. Additionally, the article focuses on weakening of the Grandmother’s character on both the part of the reader, and of Flannery O’Connor herself; noting that it is purposeless to view the Grandmothers character superficially, as her true character lies beneathRead MoreSummary Of A Good Man Is Hard And Find By Flannery O Conner1687 Words   |  7 PagesThe Grandm other in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Find† is a short story written by Flannery O’Conner and published in 1953. It tells a story of a family on their trip to Florida who happen to be found accidentally by The Misfit, a serial killer who has just escaped a federal prison and is on his way to Florida as well. The grandmother is the central character in the story who becomes the only family member killed by The Misfit, compared to the other family member who were killedRead MoreEssay on A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor1564 Words   |  7 PagesA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor A Good Man is Hard to Find is an extremely powerful commentary that elucidates Flannery OConnors opinions about religion and society. Like the majority of her other works, A Good Man is Hard to Find has attracted many interpretations based on Christian dogma (Bandy 1). These Christian explications are justified because Miss OConnor is notorious for expressing Catholic doctrines through her fiction. Once she even remarked I see fromRead MoreAn Analysis of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery and Flannery OConnors A Good Man Is Hard to Find1360 Words   |  5 Pageswith the town; he represents blind adherence to ritual, social rigidity, and resistance to change. His name corresponds with the seasonal setting of The Lottery, too, drawing attention to the importance of his character in shaping the theme of the story. Summers is in charge of the central motif of the story, the lottery that takes the life of a human being. A predecessor to The Hunger Games, Jacksons The Lottery shares in com mon with its modern counterpart a theme of how groupthink places a strangleholdRead MoreAnalysis Of O Connor s A Good Man893 Words   |  4 PagesIn O’Connor’s short story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† the definition of what it takes to be a â€Å"good man† is very misconstrued. In the beginning of this story a â€Å"good† character does not exist. The family is habitually mean to the grandmother, and the grandmother is a conceded, selfish human being. The misfit, another main character, is a criminal and is not a morally good person either. The central theme of the entire story is the concept of the word â€Å"good,† and what it takes to meet this expectation