Julius Caesar Essay -- essays research papers

Synopsis: Shakespeare's Julius Caesar is the tale of the subsequent clashes from the death of ceaseless tyrant and Roman sovereign, Julius Caesar. An incredible companion of Caesar, Mark Antony, goes to the senate to see the dead body of their tyrant. He professes to not resent the individuals who partook in the death, and requests to talk at his burial service, a solicitation which he is conceded. In any case, after the men leave, he starts a monologue where he proposes that Caesar's soul will render retribution upon his killers and conjure a war including the whole nation. Antony starts the vengeance of his demise by talking at the memorial service about an inappropriate done to Caesar, the man's liberality to the individuals, and how Brutus attempted to convince them to accept his avocation of the homicide. The group goes to concurrence with Antony and afterward blame the schemers for homicide. The denounced men escape, in the end leaving the limits of the city, and the residents leave to p lunder and consume the places of the blameworthy men. The armed forces of Brutus and Cassius set up camps close to another city and realizing that Antony's troopers are coming, they choose to walk toward the foe without a moment's delay. The battling starts with the encounter of the different sides, as Cassius' and Brutus' militaries show up. Antony and his accomplice challenge the professional killers to battle, and the wicked fight starts. The militaries of the backstabbers fall into defenselessness commonly, and their side does inadequately, losing numerous men. Cassius hears erroneously that one...

The Consumer And The Gimmick :: essays research papers

The Consumer and the Gimmick Today there are numerous components that hurt the music business. One factor includes the manner in which we drive artists into permitting the business to advance one great tune consequently overlooking the remainder of the album.â We the customers have some way or another been happy with only one great tune from one unremarkable band.â Perhaps there is a basic equation for disaster.â First the melody is played on the radio and afterward the video is continually on MTV, therefore making us become weary of the music.â It's as simple as that! We sit and cry about not hearing enough from our preferred band, however when they come out with new music we cover ourselves in it. We at that point become ill of it and are left searching for something new to satisfy our yearnings. This is at the point when we, the beast shoppers of music, choose to take our enthusiasm to the following hit tune. It's not all our issue. You need to put probably some fault on the groups themselves. They feel that it is an aspect of their responsibilities to enjoy our wants.â We as admirers of what these musicians do are shocked and sickened by hearing anything other than the best from our most loved bands.â Once we have what we need it's not some time before we need more.â This is on the grounds that we devour the performers' abilities like a cheap food upbeat meal.â We open the container, take out the toy, discard the substance, and afterward bitch about being hungry.â When we do this we generally state, "It's a cool tune, yet they are a one hit wonder."â We the eager purchaser do not allow the groups to show their actual melodic gifts. One model includes the gathering Verve Pipe and their hit melody "The Freshman." This tunes LP was out in December. Nobody saw it until part of the way during that time of March.â "The Freshman" was played at regular intervals on the radio and fifteen times each day on MTV. This as I would see it brings about the total exaggerate of one groups hit song.â Now we think of them as a "One hit wonder."â The Verve Pipe has all the more great music, however who is to state that anybody will ever hear it? Something else that harms the business is the dependence on contrivances. Findingâ â ability in a band that depends on contrivances is as simple as lifting a 300 pound man above you head.â Sure for some it is simple, yet for others it's damn close impossible.â A couple of groups that depend on contrivances are Marilyn Manson and fundamentally any rapper you can consider all things considered.

Key Resources Building Block in Business Model Canvas

Key Resources Building Block in Business Model Canvas KEY RESOURCESKey resources are the main inputs that your company uses to create its value proposition, service its customer segment and deliver the product to the customer. These are the most important things you need to have for your business model to work and business models are usually based on a number of tangible and intangible resources. These are the main assets that your company, in particular, requires to create the end product, and these are usually differentiated from the key resources being utilized by your competitors. Key resources deal with the operational end of the business spectrum and define what kind of materials you need, what kind of equipment is required and the types of people you need to employ. This aspect plays a direct role in bringing your value proposition to life for your chosen customer segment and defines the minimum you need to have to deliver to your customers.The business model of an organization is a major indicator of the type of key resource bei ng utilized by the company. Hence, there is a clear difference between the key resources employed by a microchip manufacturer and a microchip designer. The microchip designer will probably consider his human resources as the key resource, while the manufacturer will favor his production hardware as his key resource.Key resources are directly relevant to the number and type of key activities your company engages in. Ultimately, the quality of your key resources will impact the sustainability and profitability of your company. For example, if your company doubled its sales in a year, and started growing beyond your expectations, you would only be able to handle such growth if you are fully cognizant of what your key resources are and what impact such increased demand would have on them. Hence, you need to be able to tell whether your physical resources would be able to provide for such demand or require additional investment. Similarly, will your current human resources suffice or wil l additional talent need to be recruited to meet business requirements and so on.TYPES OF KEY RESOURCESKey resources can be categorized into four broad types; physical, intellectual, human and financial. In addition, a company has the option of leasing its key resources or owning them as well as taking on key partners who would provide access to these resources.1. Physical resourcesPhysical assets are tangible resources that a company uses to create its value proposition. These could include equipment, inventory, buildings, manufacturing plants and distribution networks that enable the business to function.A microchip manufacturing company like Intel needs semi-conductor plants as a key resource and without adequate infrastructure available, the organization will fail to innovate and keep up with its business customer demands and needs.2. Intellectual resourcesThese are non-physical, intangible resources like brand, patents, IP, copyrights, and even partnerships. Customer lists, cus tomer knowledge, and even your own people, represent a form of intellectual resource. Intellectual resources take a great deal of time and expenditure to develop. But once developed, they can offer unique advantages to the company. Nike and Sony are heavily dependent on their brand to sell their products to a customer segment that is devoted to the brand. Similarly, Microsoft and Adobe rely on software that have been tweaked and perfected over years of trial and error. Some businesses have very strong intellectual resources. Google is currently buying a patent library from Nortel to boost up its intellectual resources.From the years 2000 and 2012, companies have increasingly realized the significance of intellectual resources. This can be seen through the visible increase in patents being filed in the United States. The number of patents filed by Google between 2011 and 2012 grew by  170%. Apple’s patents grew by 68% in the same time period. Hence, companies have started to see p atents as a major driver of their business and growth.3. Human resourcesEmployees are often the most important and yet the most easily overlooked assets of an organization. Specifically for companies in the service industries or require a great deal of creativity and an extensive knowledge pool, human resources such as customer service representatives, software engineers or scientists are pivotal.FedEx truck drivers are the human resources that combine with the physical resource, such as the trucks to create deliver the product to FedEx customers and create the signature FedEx experience. Novartis, the pharmaceutical giant, is highly dependent on its team of top scientists, as well as its highly qualified sales force to create and sell its medicines to doctors. Similarly, UBS Wealth Management is one of the premier banks in the world, but without its team of refined and knowledgeable bankers, UBS would fail to garner the same customer reviews and satisfaction as it does currently.4. Financial resourcesThe financial resource includes cash, lines of credit and the ability to have stock option plans for employees. All businesses have key resources in finance, but some will have stronger financial resources than other, such as banks that are based entirely on the availability of this key resource. Similarly, China Life insurance sells insurance to its wide customer base. However, if China Life Insurance does not have sufficient capital to cover insurance claims, it will not be able to survive in the market.For a car manufacturer, the physical resources are in the facilities such as assembly robots. Another key resource could be intellectual property such as patents and even customer intelligence. The latter would come in very handy specifically knowing their preferences when you want to offer repeat customers special discounts and deals. For car manufacturers, designers would be a key human resource. In terms of financial resources, a manufacturer will require cap ital to invest in infrastructure and inventory but can additionally also be used to provide customers with the option of buying cars on lease or taking out a loan on better terms than those provided by banks or other financial institutions.KEY RESOURCES AND VALUE PROPOSITIONSThe quality and nature of an organization’s key resources command how well the same organization is able to fulfill its value proposition. For example in the case of a car manufacturer, if the value proposition is a long-lasting vehicle with sustainable quality, by providing a financing option, you can ensure that your customer segment who values a long-lasting vehicle but can’t afford it and must therefore go for a cheaper option, can still purchase your product. Similarly, the top designer in your company doesn’t just have functional value but also value in terms of how customers and competitors view you and your product. Hence, if Jonathan Ive leaves Apple, it would impact how consumers and competitors view the products of Apple. Nothing is a key resource in itself but is always serving a particular aspect of your total value proposition.KEY RESOURCES ACCORDING TO TYPES OF BUSINESSESThe business model canvas stipulates that all businesses can be categorized into three types. All three of these categories contain businesses with similar key resource requirements. These three categories are Product Driven Businesses, Scope driven Businesses and Infrastructure Driven Businesses.Product Driven BusinessesThese are companies that focus all their functions on the creation and sale of a product. This product has unique characteristics and a customer segment willing and eager to purchase it. Key resources for such businesses are intellectual and human; since typically these organizations have intellectual property and expertise in their particular industry and niche. Rovio is the creator of the famous mobile game called Angry Birds is one such example.Scope Driven BusinessesThese are dedic ated to providing a value proposition to a particular customer segment. An organization aiming to specialize in being the IT provider to all Law firms within an area would fall under the banner of a Scope Driven Business. Such businesses have key resources in their well-developed intelligence about their target customer segment, an established set of processes and in some cases infrastructure such as specialized service centers.Infrastructure Driven BusinessesThese, as the name suggests, achieve profitability through leveraging their developed and implemented infrastructure. The telecommunications industry invests heavily in developing the telecommunications infrastructure in a country and then reaps the rewards for years with only minor investments to keep their systems updated. Retailers are also infrastructure driven businesses because they depend primarily on their established infrastructure to sustain their profitability in the long-term.Common MistakesMany entrepreneurs when e valuating what the key resources should be for their business fail to think strategically. Instead, they come up with generic resources that would be common in any business in the industry they are operating in. It is imperative at this point to do an evaluation of each of the key resources listed on the canvas and check whether the resource mentioned is essential to the success of the business or not. For example, talented human resources are a necessity for most businesses but one needs to ponder on whether they form the very building block upon which the success or failure of the company depends on.CASE STUDY © Entrepreneurial Insights based on the concept of Alex OsterwalderThis post covers the next building block of the Business Model Canvas, which is Key Resources. In this post, we will look at 1) key resources, 2) types of key resources, 3) key resources and value propositions (section added), 4) key resources according to types of businesses, and 5) two case studies.KEY RESOURCESKey resources are the main inputs that your company uses to create its value proposition, service its customer segment and deliver the product to the customer. These are the most important things you need to have for your business model to work and business models are usually based on a number of tangible and intangible resources. These are the main assets that your company, in particular, requires to create the end product, and these are usually differentiated from the key resources being utilized by your competitors. Key resources deal with the operational end of the business spectrum and define what kind of materials you need, what kind of equipment is required and the types of people you need to employ. This aspect plays a direct role in bringing your value proposition to life for your chosen customer segment and defines the minimum you need to have to deliver to your customers.The business model of an organization is a major indicator of the type of key resource being utilized by the company. Hence, there is a clear difference between the key resources employed by a microchip manufacturer and a microchip designer. The microchip designer will probably consider his human resources as the key resource, while the manufacturer will favor his production hardware as his key resource.Key resources are directly relevant to the number and type of key activities your company engages in. Ultimately, the quality of your key resources will impact the sustainability and profitability of your company. For example, if your company doubled its sales in a year, and started growing beyond your expect ations, you would only be able to handle such growth if you are fully cognizant of what your key resources are and what impact such increased demand would have on them. Hence, you need to be able to tell whether your physical resources would be able to provide for such demand or require additional investment. Similarly, will your current human resources suffice or will additional talent need to be recruited to meet business requirements and so on.TYPES OF KEY RESOURCESKey resources can be categorized into four broad types; physical, intellectual, human and financial. In addition, a company has the option of leasing its key resources or owning them as well as taking on key partners who would provide access to these resources.1. Physical resourcesPhysical assets are tangible resources that a company uses to create its value proposition. These could include equipment, inventory, buildings, manufacturing plants and distribution networks that enable the business to function.A microchip m anufacturing company like Intel needs semi-conductor plants as a key resource and without adequate infrastructure available, the organization will fail to innovate and keep up with its business customer demands and needs.2. Intellectual resourcesThese are non-physical, intangible resources like brand, patents, IP, copyrights, and even partnerships. Customer lists, customer knowledge, and even your own people, represent a form of intellectual resource. Intellectual resources take a great deal of time and expenditure to develop. But once developed, they can offer unique advantages to the company. Nike and Sony are heavily dependent on their brand to sell their products to a customer segment that is devoted to the brand. Similarly, Microsoft and Adobe rely on software that have been tweaked and perfected over years of trial and error. Some businesses have very strong intellectual resources. Google is currently buying a patent library from Nortel to boost up its intellectual resources.F rom the years 2000 and 2012, companies have increasingly realized the significance of intellectual resources. This can be seen through the visible increase in patents being filed in the United States. The number of patents filed by Google between 2011 and 2012 grew by  170%. Apple’s patents grew by 68% in the same time period. Hence, companies have started to see patents as a major driver of their business and growth.3. Human resourcesEmployees are often the most important and yet the most easily overlooked assets of an organization. Specifically for companies in the service industries or require a great deal of creativity and an extensive knowledge pool, human resources such as customer service representatives, software engineers or scientists are pivotal.FedEx truck drivers are the human resources that combine with the physical resource, such as the trucks to create deliver the product to FedEx customers and create the signature FedEx experience. Novartis, the pharmaceutical gi ant, is highly dependent on its team of top scientists, as well as its highly qualified sales force to create and sell its medicines to doctors. Similarly, UBS Wealth Management is one of the premier banks in the world, but without its team of refined and knowledgeable bankers, UBS would fail to garner the same customer reviews and satisfaction as it does currently.4. Financial resourcesThe financial resource includes cash, lines of credit and the ability to have stock option plans for employees. All businesses have key resources in finance, but some will have stronger financial resources than other, such as banks that are based entirely on the availability of this key resource. Similarly, China Life insurance sells insurance to its wide customer base. However, if China Life Insurance does not have sufficient capital to cover insurance claims, it will not be able to survive in the market.For a car manufacturer, the physical resources are in the facilities such as assembly robots. An other key resource could be intellectual property such as patents and even customer intelligence. The latter would come in very handy specifically knowing their preferences when you want to offer repeat customers special discounts and deals. For car manufacturers, designers would be a key human resource. In terms of financial resources, a manufacturer will require capital to invest in infrastructure and inventory but can additionally also be used to provide customers with the option of buying cars on lease or taking out a loan on better terms than those provided by banks or other financial institutions.KEY RESOURCES AND VALUE PROPOSITIONSThe quality and nature of an organization’s key resources command how well the same organization is able to fulfill its value proposition. For example in the case of a car manufacturer, if the value proposition is a long-lasting vehicle with sustainable quality, by providing a financing option, you can ensure that your customer segment who values a long-lasting vehicle but can’t afford it and must therefore go for a cheaper option, can still purchase your product. Similarly, the top designer in your company doesn’t just have functional value but also value in terms of how customers and competitors view you and your product. Hence, if Jonathan Ive leaves Apple, it would impact how consumers and competitors view the products of Apple. Nothing is a key resource in itself but is always serving a particular aspect of your total value proposition.KEY RESOURCES ACCORDING TO TYPES OF BUSINESSESThe business model canvas stipulates that all businesses can be categorized into three types. All three of these categories contain businesses with similar key resource requirements. These three categories are Product Driven Businesses, Scope driven Businesses and Infrastructure Driven Businesses.Product Driven BusinessesThese are companies that focus all their functions on the creation and sale of a product. This product has unique charac teristics and a customer segment willing and eager to purchase it. Key resources for such businesses are intellectual and human; since typically these organizations have intellectual property and expertise in their particular industry and niche. Rovio is the creator of the famous mobile game called Angry Birds is one such example.Scope Driven BusinessesThese are dedicated to providing a value proposition to a particular customer segment. An organization aiming to specialize in being the IT provider to all Law firms within an area would fall under the banner of a Scope Driven Business. Such businesses have key resources in their well-developed intelligence about their target customer segment, an established set of processes and in some cases infrastructure such as specialized service centers.Infrastructure Driven BusinessesThese, as the name suggests, achieve profitability through leveraging their developed and implemented infrastructure. The telecommunications industry invests heavi ly in developing the telecommunications infrastructure in a country and then reaps the rewards for years with only minor investments to keep their systems updated. Retailers are also infrastructure driven businesses because they depend primarily on their established infrastructure to sustain their profitability in the long-term.Common MistakesMany entrepreneurs when evaluating what the key resources should be for their business fail to think strategically. Instead, they come up with generic resources that would be common in any business in the industry they are operating in. It is imperative at this point to do an evaluation of each of the key resources listed on the canvas and check whether the resource mentioned is essential to the success of the business or not. For example, talented human resources are a necessity for most businesses but one needs to ponder on whether they form the very building block upon which the success or failure of the company depends on.CASE STUDYVISA car dsVISA is a technology company providing payment solutions to banks globally. VISA itself does not provide financial assistance or lines of credit to customers. Instead, it provides banks and other financial institutions with an “Open Loop Payments Network” that provides a medium of communication and sharing of information between different companies across industries.VISA provides value to cardholders by giving them a safe, secure and convenient way to make transactions. Merchants are able to provide their customers with added convenience when they accept VISA cards and banks charge fees for the use of the card, as well as transaction fees and late payment fees. VISA does this through utilizing its key resources such as the global processing infrastructure that the company has built over many years. This infrastructure consists of geographically dispersed processing centers that are linked to each other and which are programmed to minimize redundancy. VISA operations focus heav ily on managing and maintaining this infrastructure because it is key to providing VISA customers with security, convenience, speed, and efficiency.Eco-tourismLet us consider an entrepreneur who has inherited some wooded natural land. This land, however, was given to him under certain stipulations such as he cannot cut down the trees and use them for timber or make major changes to the landscape. However, the entrepreneur, after much consideration came up with an idea that could provide him with a viable business opportunity while respecting the stipulations the land came with. He decided he could use the land for team retreats and adventure courses, like the ones favored by middle managers of major corporations.However, to attract this kind of a customer segment the entrepreneur will need to install cabins and create extensive adventure courses. These are all value propositions that are capital-intensive, and the entrepreneur doesn’t have the resources to build these amenities.Co nsidering how he could acquire these key resources and build the business he was dreaming of, the entrepreneur decided to target another customer segment. He began to market to eco-tourists who revel in natural, untainted land, a key resource he has in abundance. Eco-tourists do not have a lot of money but the entrepreneur can offer hands-on sustainable housing and organic farming opportunities, which the eco-tourists would be happy to provide free labor for since it would give them the chance to practice skills in an environment they would not normally have access to. In this way, they would output the very resources that would form the value proposition for the team-building activities of the entrepreneur’s main customer segment; the corporate middle manager. Hence, the entrepreneur can use key resources he currently has to service a secondary customer segment, which would then put him in the position to obtain resources that would attract his primary customer segment.

Mass Media And Its Impact On The World - 959 Words

â…   Introduction Because the internet has spread, it has also increased opportunities of being described as â€Å"Old Media.† In order to gather the daily news and events, there is still greater the influence of mass media represent by television and newspaper. To be mentioned uppermost of a feature of the internet, the overwhelming amount of information. A wide variety of data on the net has continued to increase constantly even at present does not know where is fits. And another one, is a great feature that â€Å"do not choose the time and place.† At any time if you have mobile and the net environment, wherever nature can be connected even from around the world. At the same time, it has become the unique thing about the speed at which information is transmitted. Not a few people called â€Å"see the twitter when the earthquake occurs.† Net is intended to further expand the television, and, it is not limited to the video. It is also possible to flow bulletin images, voice and attractive as possible to the ad hoc information dissemination. However, newspaper takes at l east half a day to reach our hand. In addition, it costs money to personal expenses and equipment, the price of the newspaper is higher than the net. It is a weakness that we cannot searched like a net, read article that immediately came out from news. People are sensitive to the speed, they end up comprehending that the net is worth reading and seeing. Accordingly, today, I am going to analyze why the net is more useful thanShow MoreRelatedMass Media And Its Impact On Society1306 Words   |  6 PagesToday is the world of technologies which keeps on introducing us with new innovations and advancements and one of these technologies which influenced our lives is mass media. Mass media is a means of communication that reach number of people in a short time. 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Essay on Places I Have Lived - 691 Words

I have opinions of all the places I have lived. Each place has its advantages and disadvantages, and I am not sure if there is any place that really fits me well. In this essay, I will examine the bad and good aspects of some of the places I have lived. Then, I will compare what I consider to be ideal conditions with the good aspects of those places where I have lived. Lastly, I will choose the place that I think is best for me. I was born in Gujarat , India , and I lived there for 9 years then I moved to America . I consider it to be my hometown. I have some bad memories from there. I don?t like the people and places, especially some of its unique characteristics, like the night market from Gujarat . The pattern of the†¦show more content†¦But, it was very hot in summer and freezing cold in spring. My town had so many good restaurants and shopping mall. Well, it?s up to north of Alabama so it doesn?t have beach, however, it has rivers down there. On the Good side, this town was wide open. There was lots of space and the natural scenery was just beautiful. Because it was not so crowded, and traffic was not a problem, there was not much pollution either. I like this because it was easier to keep healthy. Finally, I moved to Ventura because my family said so. They didn?t want me to do a party and all so they moved back me to Ventura . The entire place I have lived, I think I like it here the best. It is nice here for several reasons. Because the population is not too high, there are lots of place to visit, lots of job opportunities and less crowded transportation facilities. I am not sure of all the reasons, but I think life here is just much more exciting. I have some problem here because my family is here so I can?t go for parties and go home late night. However I do parties because sometime I get lonely. 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A good, simple quote that represents this is â€Å"home is where the heart is†-Pliny the Elder (â€Å"Home Quotes†). There are many aspects of a home that can all play a role on your very ownRead MoreThe Spirit And Beauty Of Nature, And The Power Of The Natural World1172 Words   |  5 Pages(Sayre 877). Aspects found in nature have the ability to cause an individual to have a revelation as to why their life is unpleasant and allows them to find their purpose in life. From this worldview, many impressionable individuals and works of art came to be and continue to affect how humans view themselves within the natural world. A well-known painting called Kindred Spirits by Asher B. Durand as well as, written document, â€Å"Where I lived, and What I Lived For† by Henry David Thoreau both conveyRead MoreLife Has Put Me Into Who I Am Today Essay1 444 Words   |  6 PagesI believe that the situations life has put me through have definitely played a part in shaping me into who I am today. However it was my attitude towards and during these situations that have allowed me to become the responsible, independent, and savvy young woman I am today. I have lost count of how many times we moved and faced eviction in Brownsville and how we had to even live in Mexico to make ends meet. Before moving to Brownsville, my family lived in two places there in Houston. The firstRead MoreThe One Who Calls You Is Faithful, And He Will Do It Essay1666 Words   |  7 Pagessubmission to God and God alone. As a called child of God, I believe our parents know from the time we are born which child is different. God, just as he did with Hannah lends children to the parents. As the child grows and develops the child is given back to God. God can call you at any age he wants. The child is generally at a certain level of maturity where he and she can understand and process information and complete assignments. As you and I both know some children mature faster than others. AgesRead MoreDescriptive Essay About Living In The House1714 Words   |  7 PagesThe House on Veteran’s Boulevard I lived in a house on Veteran’s Boulevard for the first two years of my life. It was there that I learned to walk and talk. Living in the house was entirely uneventful. There is videos from my first birthday that were filmed in this house. I was chubby and red faced and happy, sitting in my highchair not so patiently awaiting my birthday cake, the first i d ever had. I believe this cake was vanilla, ironic actually because now I cannot stand the taste, or even theRead MoreThe House on Mango Street600 Words   |  3 PagesStreet† and how her family moved from places to places to get there. The recollection of the street names her family lived on and how every time they moved â€Å"there’d be one more of us† added to the authors focus of emphasizing how important the word â€Å"home† meant to her throughout the story. The family of six included Mama, Papa, brothers Carlos and Kiki, and sister Nenny. According to the author’s memory, she had lived on Loomis, Keeler and Paulina. â€Å"We don’t have to pay rent to anybody, or share theRead MoreEssay about A Home that I Can Point To1495 Words   |  6 PagesA Home that I Can Point To We are moving once again. The new place is barely down the street, but we have to move again. This is the fifth time in six years that I have moved from one apartment to another. Im glad we are finally moving out of the old apartment, because the guy below us constantly banged on his ceiling when I walked from one room to another. Its been awhile since I have had a place to call home, a place I can grow fond of. I have hope that one day we will live in a house andRead MoreEssay on The Mysterious Homer, Author of The Odyssey and The Iliad663 Words   |  3 Pageswere responsible for the finished products. (Britannica) In this report I will discuss the theories that support the existence of an author named Homer. I will present the theories concerning his place of origin and those concerning the century he was likely to have lived in. I will also discus the artifacts that help to date the period and the region where Homer wrote the two great epics. It is probable that Homer lived in Ionia. Ionia is the central part of the western seaboard of Asia Minor

Central Route Free Essays

Describe how each side used central route or peripheral route influence principles to effect the negotiation outcomes These two â€Å"routes to persuasion† are 1) the â€Å"central† route and 2) the â€Å"peripheral† route. An individual who is using the â€Å"central† route will be more engaged in processing and evaluating the merit of the opposing parties proposal. This â€Å"route† is much more analytical and is concerned with the actual logistics of the proposal/argument. We will write a custom essay sample on Central Route or any similar topic only for you Order Now An individual engaging in the â€Å"peripheral† route, by contrast, will focus less on the actual merit and logic of opposing counsels arguments and instead will be more influenced by things that are more peripheral to the issue at hand, such as the physical attractiveness of the person trying to persuade them, or presentation or â€Å"packaging. † It is very important for negotiators to realize that numerous factors can influence their negotiation partners to use either one of these two â€Å"routes†. It would be a mistake to assume that an opposing party will always operate in the same way based on immutable factors such as education or intelligence. Something as simple as not having gotten enough sleep, or being hungry, can have a huge effect on how the opposing party will process your arguments during negotiation, making even a savvy or intelligent negotiator more likely to use the â€Å"peripheral† route. The Central Route to Persuasion: Research has established that decision’s reached using the â€Å"central† route to persuasion are generally going to be more satisfying and beneficial to parties in the long run. However, It is important for negotiators to be aware that they only want to encourage this type of decision-making if they have something of true value to offer the opposing party. Once you have determined you have something of value, the first great way to encourage this type of thinking is to discuss the issues in the negotiation as a joint problem-solving venture. This type of prompting will encourage the opposing party to look at the situation in a detailed and thoughtful way. Next, it is important to reduce distractions during negotiations if you wish to encourage this type of analysis. A simple way to do this is to ensure that you will have a quiet, distraction free environment for the negotiation where the opposing party will feel calm and comfortable. Finally, recommending open dialogue where all individuals are required to give in-put encourages individual responsibility and independent thinking among opposing parties. This can be a great way to solicit the â€Å"central† route to persuasion. When people are placed in a position of responsibility and the burden is placed on them to come up with creative and effective ways the attack the problem, they are much more likely to deeply analyze the arguments and proposals made by the other side. The Peripheral Route of Persuasion: Clearly, the â€Å"peripheral† route to decision making is far less attractive when negotiators are seeking a long lasting, sustained result. Individuals who use this route to persuasion often are influenced by superficial factors such as the clothing, appearance or job title of the opposing party. These negotiators also use mental short cuts and make decisions without closely analyzing the relevant facts and consequences of the opposing parties proposal. Because this route to persuasion is less likely to result in a long lasting, sustained agreement it is only advisable to use in specific situations. Namely, those in which a short-term solution is all that is desired. The easiest and most effective way to encourage this type of decision-making is through use of the â€Å"expertise heuristic†. A mental short cut used by those engaged in the peripheral route to persuasion. This mental short cut can essentially be summed up like this: people tend to defer to perceived authorities or experts when making decisions without thoughtful analysis. Therefore, it could be extremely useful to emphasize skill and knowledge in the area of negotiation in order to encourage this type of analysis by the opposing party. How to cite Central Route, Essay examples

Gambling And Crime Rate Essay Example For Students

Gambling And Crime Rate Essay Many factors have influenced the rising crime rate, some being, increasing use of drugs, increasing population, and decreasing morals. America must find ways to decrease the crime rate legally. One question often going hand in hand with decreasing crime rate is would legalized gambling decrease the crime rate? During the late 1980’s and early 1990’s slow economic growth, cuts in federal funding, and growing public needs forced state and local governments to seek additional sources of revenue. Most states turned to lotteries, horse and dog racing, and most recently a growing number of states have resorted to casino gambling as a painless way to raise money. Case studies show that legal casino gaming can increase tourism, employment, sales of noncasino goods, and tax revenues (Cabot 1). For example, The New Jersey Casino Control Act of 1977 states legalized casino gambling has been approved by the citizens of New Jersey as a unique tool of urban redevelopment for Atlantic City (Thompson 144). Legalized gambling provides a major new source of revenue for the state (Kurk 1). Even though 48 states have some form of legalized gambling such as lotteries, horse racing, casinos, riverboat and Indian casinos, casino gambling still remains illegal in most states (NCALG 2). Casino gambling, which was once limited to two states, is now legal in twenty-one states. Some states are Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, and South Dakota. Over time we have seen a change in the gambling market. At one time, only Bingo parlors could be found on Native American reservations. Today almost one hundred casinos are operating in twenty-one states (Begun, Siegal, and Jacobs 29). There are five types of legal gambling in the United States: bingo, lotteries, pari-mutual betting, off track betting and casinos. Bingo is the most common form of legalized gambling; forty-six states participate in legal Bingo. Forty-three states permit thoroughbred horse racing, Lotteries are allowed in thirty-seven states, and only twenty-one states permit casino gambling (Begun et al. 27). Illegal gambling like legal gambling is deeply rooted into American Society. Despite innumerable federal and state laws, illegal gambling still remains a part of American life. The four principal forms of illegal gambling are numbers, horse books, sports books, and sports cards. The numbers game is a sideline game of the lotteries. Originally, lotteries were used to raise money for civic or charitable causes, while numbers was played to earn money for the Lottery Company. It is commonly believed that the â€Å"numbers’ game gave rise to gambling syndicates ( 132). Betting on horses or Horse books is run by a â€Å"bookie†. The racetrack-licensed bookies to accept bets at the tracks, for that privilege, bookies paid the racetrack operators a daily fee, usually around $100 a day. The most popular form of illegal gambling is gambling on sporting events (133). There are four states that allow betting on sports, these are Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, and Oregon (PBS 1). S ome estimate that professional football alone attracts $50 billion in wages per season (Begun et al. 133). Sports cards are very popular for the $1 to $10 sports bettor. Sports cards are also run by a â€Å"bookie†. A bettor selects a team that he or she thinks will win and tears off a card stub and submits the cards before the start of the game (134). There has been an increase in the use of loopholes in the government, an example of this would be gambling on cruise ships. In 1992, Congress was forced to approve a general maritime law (PL-102-251). This law permitted gambling on American registered cruise ships once they were more than 3 miles offshore, on international voyages. This law possessed one flaw. Out of over 100 American docked ships, only 2 percent were American registered. These foreign registered ships were also operating casinos offshore. This forced California to pass a new law, only months later. This law (AB3769) banned gambling on foreign registered ships (Begun et. al 13). Our Town EssayAnother problem associated with legalized gambling is the increasing bankruptcy rate. Nevada had the fourth highest bankruptcy in the nation in 1996. Mississippi, the state with the second highest level of gambling, ranked fifth in the nation in per-capita bankruptcy filings (NCALG 2). Although bankruptcy may be a problem, for some it has proved to be a solution. Sociologist, John Rosecrance feels that losing huge amounts was the chief reason to quit gambling (Begun et. al 91). The best cure for a gambler would be abstinence (Thompson 75). However, most states may find that some form of low stakes, no â€Å"glitz† gambling will both satisfy their citizens unstimulated demand for gambling and also provide an environment where the state can regulate the industry to minimize the incidence of problem gambling (Cabot 10). Governments are shifting from their role of gambling regulator to that of a gambling promoter (Goodman 1). Many reasons have contributed to the changing position of state and local governments, such as having seen major increase in social problems like drugs, homelessness, crime and unemployment. Also having had to deal with downsizing by major private firms, having had to bear the brunt of reduced federal aid for their budgets (2), contribute towards changing attitudes. With the nation’s apparently increasing tolerance for once-prohibited activities, coupled with a growing need for state and local revenues, the lure of gambling revenue has prompted most states to reconsider and usually change their gambling policies (Begun et. al 7). While some state and local government officials oppose legalized gambling, some benefit from the revenues. For example, more than $200,000 in gambling revenue, was contributed to Bob Dole’s presidential campaign, President Clinton also rec eived $60,000 in gambling revenue (22). If we remember correctly, an argument made by the NCALG was that gambling corrupts government. However, by the looks of the figures, in my opinion gambling helps the government operate. The controversy over American casinos comes down to a narrow argument concerning cost benefit criteria between the proponents, who cite increased tax revenues and jobs, and opponents, who claim devastating social problems if casinos are legalized (Cabot 6). Those who would outlaw gambling because some people become chronic gamblers are like those who would prohibit alcohol because some people become problem drinkers. The analogy between alcohol and gambling is relevant: Prohibition simply did not work. People will gamble even if it is illegal, just as they will violate other unreasonable curbs on harmless pleasures. Philosophy Essays

How Important a Community Immersion Essay Example

How Important a Community Immersion? Paper How Important a Community Immersion? We thought it would be boring and Just a matter of wasting time. For some it is, but for others it is not. For poor people its significant and valuable, but for the rich one, most of them will consider it worthless. Being In a community immersion is a great challenge because you need to compromise with those matters that the Indigenous people are used to. You need to show up that everything Is fine and smoothly moving. You need to adjust and maximize your understanding. You need to accept and embrace the things you met along the way. You should avoid offending your poster families, like showing that you dont Like whats going on, Instead show love and care for them. Eve realized many things when I was In the situation of community Immersion. Eve realized things which awakened my senselessly as an Individual. Can you Imagine a 6 yr. Old child walking for about 6 km everyday Just to go to school? Just to learn! Thats how blessed we are! We Just ride In a car and eventually were on school. But them they suffered a lot because they alma for a simple goal, to finish their studies. We will write a custom essay sample on How Important a Community Immersion? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How Important a Community Immersion? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How Important a Community Immersion? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For us, its a typical thing, but for them its their biggest dream in life. But what caught my attention much; it was their contentment in their living. To eat three times a day was enough for them. Its a simple living actually but with harmony and peace. It is love that binds them together; its their deepest appreciation of each others existence that makes them one. No matter how simple the way of living is, happiness never depends on it, but it lies beyond the individuals that live under the roof. Be contented! Appreciate things! Share love and give care! These are what a community immersion will give you!

History is only recorded through a historian essays

History is only recorded through a historian essays History is only recorded through a historian. Without historians, there is no history. If compared to a household item, a historian is like a tap so the water is the history that the historian is recording. This comparison is very much the structure of history in real life. Like the tap, the historian has control over what he says and control of his ideas and has full knowledge of his impact whilst making sure that his perspective is understood through his writing. In this article, the historian has chosen to take an extreme perspective on what history is quoting History is deeply male, history is essentially non young, history is about the rich and famous. The grass roots of his arguments are understood as basically all the historians in the modern and classical Era are well educated and come from aristocratic families if in the classical Era or a very well educated family as in Karl Marxs case. Karl Marx quoted the history of all existing societies is the history of class struggles. This is not a very educated opinion as history is most certainly not centred on the class struggles as some of the greatest documented history is on the topics of wars and great leaders, but coming back to the point of about history being for the rich, it has to be understood that no rich man will ever mention his personal demise with other classes and will never make himself look as though he is an unfriendly character. In general, historians will always look to glorify themselves and others in their social caliber so the mention of history being based on class struggle is seemingly an obnoxious idea. This is relevant to this original idea in the way that in this case the rich and famous were the historians of that time, and for Karl Marx to suggest that a rich man will write his situation to be a struggle is questionable. The writer of the article continues on by saying history is about assessing ...

Tort Law Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tort Law Master - Case Study Example Mr. Andrews could be implicated with "legal liability for a failure to act."3 As with regards to Mr. Andrews, he first had an obligation to Mr. Brown that he would treat him fairly as he would any of his other investors. This duty of care is evidenced in the following case. "In Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562, Lord Atkin recognized that the existing examples of duties to take care could be seen as aspects of a single tort[whereas i]n Anns v Merton [1978] AC 728, Lord Wilberforce stated [the single, universal test for the duty of care in negligence arose] on the basis of 'neighbourhood,' unless there was some distinct reason to deny a duty."6 Mr. Andrews next breached the obligation to be fair to Mr. Brown by acting in a manner inconsistent with the way a responsible managing director of a company normally would. Mr. Andrews's third and fourth causes of action were that his conduct was the cause of harm, and did harm Mr. Brown. Mr. Andrews was clearly at fault, according to the Law Reform Act of 1945 which states that "[Fault is . . .] negligence, breach of statutory duty or other act or omission which gives rise to a liability in tort."7 Consequentially, as a result of this negligence, Mr. ... Mr. Andrews next breached the obligation to be fair to Mr. Brown by acting in a manner inconsistent with the way a responsible managing director of a company normally would. Mr. Andrews's third and fourth causes of action were that his conduct was the cause of harm, and did harm Mr. Brown. Mr. Andrews was clearly at fault, according to the Law Reform Act of 1945 which states that "[Fault is . . .] negligence, breach of statutory duty or other act or omission which gives rise to a liability in tort."7 Consequentially, as a result of this negligence, Mr. Brown's surviving relatives could sue for "pain and suffering," which would include the "mental and emotional trauma which are recoverable as elements of damage in torts."8 Damages would be determined by the judge. With regards to the second case, there are several tort issues that come up. "Tortsinclude all wrongs of commission to rights in tangible matter, wrongs to rights in the body, life, liberty and security, and wrongs to rights in tangible property, its possession and exclusive control."9 Mr. Orange, if he survives the automobile accident, is liable not only in situation of having robbed the bank, but additionally would face charges due to having injured Mr. White in the process of robbing the bank. Not only this, but Mr. Brown could sue Mr. Orange for recklessness and subsequent damages sustained from the car accident that ensued following the robbery. Thus, Mr. Orange is in a great deal of trouble. Not only does he incur liability for robbing a bank, but in the process of committing that crime, he injured two people. As such, if he does survive, Mr. Orange

Human behaviour in the workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human behaviour in the workplace - Essay Example According to Mullins (2010), a trait is a characteristic that is dominant in an individual that makes them behave in a particular manner. Traits have been greatly used ti study the personalities of individuals mostly in their workplaces. The theory majors on the differences between individuals and what makes them unique in their different ways (Uczynski and Buchanan 2009).   Further to that, the main purpose of this theory is to identify the differences between individuals based on their personalities. Traits theory differentiates individuals into cardinal traits, central traits, or secondary characters. Cardinal traits are traits that are evident in individuals whole life. The traits are unique to every individual to some extent they are identified on the uniqueness of the traits. Central traits are the obvious characteristics found in a person that can be used to define their personalities. Despite being unique to most individuals in most cases, to some situations they are not un ique. Last is a secondary trait; the trait exists in a person's life because of a particular attitude or preferences. They are not dominant in an individual's personality, but they occur under different circumstances (Uczynski and Buchanan 2009).Personality Questionnaires Theory.This theory focuses on using questions to measure the personalities of individuals. The questions used are based on a yes, no or I do not know answers. In workplace, questionnaires theory can be applicable in measuring the level of team building exhibited by the workers.

The structure and organization of the human body

The structure and organization of the human body Unit 3 The Structure, Function and Organisation of The Human Body Outcome 1 Handout UNIT 3: THE STRUCTURE, ORGANISATION AND FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY OUTCOME 1 The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life. It is usually a microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semi-permeable membrane. Some organisms, such as most bacteria, are unicellular(consist of a single cell). Other organisms, such as humans, are multicellular. Each cell is at least somewhat self-contained and self-maintaining: it can take in nutrients, convert these nutrients into energy, carry out specialized functions, and reproduce as necessary. Each cell stores its own set of instructions for carrying out each of these activities. Comparison of structures between animal and plant cells Typical animal cell Typical plant cell Organelles Nucleus Nucleolus (within nucleus) Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Smooth ER Ribosomes Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus Cytoplasm Mitochondria Vesicles Lysosomes Centrosome Centrioles Nucleus Nucleolus (within nucleus) Rough ER Smooth ER Ribosomes Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus (dictiosomes) Cytoplasm Mitochondria Vacuoles Cell wall ORGANELLES Nucleus- Controls the cell. It consists of the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin, and nucleoplasm. Nucleolus- are non-membraneous matrix of RNA (ribonucleic acid) and protein. found in the nucleus. Instructions in DNA are copied here. It works with ribosomes in the synthesis of protein. Chromosomes- Determines what traits a living thing will have, passes information from parent to offspring. Cell Membrane- same as unit membrane. Gives the cell shape, holds the cytoplasm, and controls what moves into and out of the cell. acts as a boundary layer to contain the cytoplasm (fluid in cell) interlocking surfaces bind cells together. Cytoplasm- Jellylike material (cytosol and organelles), most of the cells chemical reactions take place there, and made up of mostly water and some chemicals. Vacuoles- Liquid-filled, may store food, water, minerals, or wastes. There maybe more than one. In plants it takes up a lot of space, produce turgor pressure against cell wall for support. Mitochondria- Produce energy when food is broken down, often called the powerhouse of the cell. Its structure is composed of modified double unit membrane (protein, lipid). Its inner membrane infolded to form cristae. It is the site of cellular respiration i.e. the release of chemical energy from food Glucose + Oxygen > Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP) Ribosomes- Where proteins are made, and often connected to the endoplasmic reticulum. A cell may have as many as 500,000. They are non-membraneous, spherical bodies composed of RNA (ribonucleic acid) and protein enzymes. They are the site of protein synthesis. Endoplasmic Reticulum- The transportation system in the cell, connects the nuclear membrane with the cell membrane. Used in detoxification of the cell. ER. Forms a tubular network throughout the cell. Provides a large surface area for the organization of chemical reactions and synthesis. Centrioles- Found only in animal cells, is used in cell reproduction to help the chromosomes arrange before cell division. They are nine triplets of microtubules form one centriole. Two centrioles form one centrosome. They form spindle fibres to separate chromosomes during cell division. Golgi apparatus(bodies)- Stacks of flattened sacs of unit membrane (cisternae) vesicles pinch off the edges. Modifies chemicals to make them functional. Secretes chemicals in tiny vesicles. Stores chemicals. May produce endoplasmic reticulum. Lysosomes- digests food particles with enzymes, pinched of pieces of golgi apparatus. Are membrane bound bag containing hydrolytic enzymes. Are hydrolytic enzyme = (water split biological catalyst) i.e. using water to split chemical bonds. They break large molecules into small molecules by inserting a molecule of water into the chemical bond. Cell Wall- Found only in plant cells. Forms a thick outer covering outside the cell membrane, gives the plant support and shape. Is a non-living secretion of the cell membrane, composed of cellulose. They are cellulose fibrils deposited in alternating layers for strength. Cell wall contains pits (openings) that make it totally permeable. It provides protection from physical injury and together with vacuole, provides skeletal support. Chloroplasts- Found only in plant cells. Found in the cytoplasm of green plant cells, contain chlorophyll, traps the energy from light, and is where photosynthesis takes place. It is composed of a double layer of modified membrane (protein,chlorophyll, lipid). The inner membrane invaginates to form layers called grana (sing., granum) where chlorophyll is concentrated. It is the site of photosynthesis chlorophyll Carbon Dioxide + Water > Glucose + Oxygen radiant energy (food). TISSUE There are many different types of cells in the human body. None of these cells function well on there own, they are part of the larger organism that is called you. Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism. Hence, a tissue is an ensemble of cells, not necessarily identical, but from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function. Organsare then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues. Cells group together in the body to form tissues a collection of similar cells that group together to perform a specialized function. There are 4 primary tissue types in the human body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nerve tissue. 1. Epithelial Tissue- The cells of epithelial tissue pack tightly together and form continuous sheets that serve as linings in different parts of the body. Epithelial tissue serve as membranes lining organs and helping to keep the bodys organs separate, in place and protected. Some examples of epithelial tissue are the outer layer of the skin, the inside of the mouth and stomach, and the tissue surrounding the bodys organs. 2. Connective Tissue- There are many types of connective tissue in the body. Generally speaking, connective tissue adds support and structure to the body. Most types of connective tissue contain fibrous strands of the protein collagen that add strength to connective tissue. Some examples of connective tissue include the inner layers of skin, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone and fat tissue. In addition to these more recognizable forms of connective tissue, blood is also considered a form of connective tissue. 3. Muscle Tissue- Muscle tissue is a specialized tissue that can contract. Muscle tissue contains the specialized proteins actin and myosin that slide past one another and allow movement. Examples of muscle tissue are contained in the muscles throughout your body. 4. Nerve Tissue- Nerve tissue contains two types of cells: neurons and glial cells. Nerve tissue has the ability to generate and conduct electrical signals in the body. These electrical messages are managed by nerve tissue in the brain and transmitted down the spinal cord to the body. ORGANS Organs are the next level of organization in the body. An organ is a structure that contains at least two different types of tissue functioning together for a common purpose. There are many different organs in the body: the liver, kidneys, heart, even your skin is an organ. In fact, the skin is the largest organ in the human body and provides us with an excellent example for explanation purposes. The skin is composed of three layers: the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin. It consists of epithelial tissue in which the cells are tightly packed together providing a barrier between the inside of the body and the outside world. Below the epidermis lies a layer of connective tissue called the dermis. In addition to providing support for the skin, the dermis has many other purposes. The dermis contains blood vessels that nourish skin cells. It contains nerve tissue that provides feeling in the skin. And it contains muscle tissue that is responsible for giving you goosebumps when you get cold or frightened. The subcutaneous layer is beneath the dermis and consists mainly of a type of connective tissue called adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is more commonly known as fat and it helps cushion the skin and provide protection from cold temperatures. Nervous tissue: is one of four major classes of vertebrate tissue. Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system-the brain, spinal cord, and nerves-which regulates and controls body functions. It is composed of neurones, which transmit impulses, and the neuroglia, which assist propagation of the nerveimpulse as well as provide nutrientsto the neuron. Every time you get pinched, part of your nerve tissue is damaged. Nervous tissue is made of nerve cells that come in many varieties, all of which are distinctly characteristic by the axon or long stem like part of the cell that sends action potential signals to the next cell. Functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, controls of muscles and glands, homeostasis, and mental activity. All living cells have the ability to react to stimuli. Nervous tissue is specialized to react to stimuli and to conduct impulses to various organs in the body which bring about a response to the stimulus. Nerve tissue (as in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that branch throughout the body) are all made up of specialized nerve cells called neurons. Neurons are easily stimulated and transmit impulses very rapidly. A nerve is made up of many nerve cell fibres (neurons) bound together by connective tissue. A sheath of dense connective tissue, the epineurium surrounds the nerve. This sheath penetrates the nerve to form the perineurium which surrounds bundles of nerve fibres. Blood vessels of various sizes can be seen in the epineurium. The endoneurium, which consists of a thin layer of loose connective tissue, surrounds the individual nerve fibres. The cell body is enclosed by a cell (plasma) membrane and has a central nucleus. Granules called Nissl bodies are found in the cytoplasm of the cell body. Within the cell body, extremely fine neurofibrils extend from the dendrites into the axon. The axon is surrounded by the myelin sheath, which forms a whitish, non-cellular, fatty layer around the axon. Outside the myelin sheath is a cellular layer called the neurilemma or sheath of Schwann cells. The myelin sheath together with the neurilemma is also known as the medullary sheath. This medullary sheath is interrupted at intervals by the nodes of Ranvier. Neuronal Communication Nerve cells are functionally made to each other at a junction known as a synapse, where the terminal branches of an axon and the dendrites of another neuron lie in close proximity to each other but normally without direct contact. Information is transmitted across the gap by chemical secretions called neurotransmitters. It causes activation in the post-synaptic cell. All cells possess the ability to respond to stimuli.

Prejudice and Racism in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Prejudice and Racism in Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn    Despite all the criticism, of racism and other questionable material for young readers, Mark Twain’s The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn is a superbly written novel, which in the opinion of this reviewer should not be remove the literary cannon. Twain’s novel is a coming of age story that teaches young people many valuable lessons and to some extend makes students reexamine their own lives and morals. The most common argument for its removal from the literary canon is that the novel is too racist; it offends black readers, perpetuates cheap slave-era stereotypes, and deserves no place on today’s bookshelves.   However one must ask if Twain is encouraging traditional southern racism or is Twain disputing these idea.    On a superficial level The Adventures Huckleberry Finn might appear to be racist, and for the most obvious reason: many characters use the word â€Å"nigger† throughout the novel. But since the action of the book takes place in the south twenty years before the Civil War, it would be amazing if they didn’t use that word. A closer reading also reveals Twain’s serious satiric intent. In one scene, for instance, Aunt Sally hears of a steamboat explosion. â€Å"Good gracious! anybody hurt?† she asks. â€Å"No'm,† comes the answer. â€Å"Killed a nigger† (Mark Twain, Huckleberry Finn 1409). But anyone who imagines that Mark Twain meant this literally is missing the point. Rather, Twain is using this casual dialogue ironically, as a way to underscore the chilling truth about the old south, that it was a society where perfectly â€Å"nice† people didn’t consider the death of a black person worth their notice. To drive the point home, T wain has the lady continue: â€Å"We... ...e end of the novel, Huck and the reader have come to understand that Jim is not someone’s property or an inferior man, but an equal. To say that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a racist novel is absurd, but there are always some hot-heads claiming that the novel is racist. These claims are not simply attempts to damage the image of a great novel, they come from people who are hurt by racism and don’t like seeing it in any context. However, they must realize that this novel and its author are not racist, and the purpose of the story is to prove black equality. It is vital for the reader to recognize these ideas as society’s and to recognize that Twain throughout the novel does encourage racist ideas, he disputes them. For this reason, and its profound moral implication, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn should not be removed from the literary canon. [1056]   

European And International Dimensions Of Education Education Essay

Globalization as defined by Giddens is the intensification of world-wide societal dealingss which link distant vicinities in such a manner that local occurrences are shaped by events happening many stat mis off and frailty versa ‘ . It is a procedure of turning to a planetary and world-wide in political, economic, societal and educational sectors. Cantu ( 2003 ) defines instruction ‘as geting accomplishments ‘ . Education is besides about geting cognition, developing consciousness and critical thought. Cogburn ( no day of the month ) has described instruction as ‘generally seen as a formal procedure of direction, based on a theory of instruction, to leave formal cognition ( to one or more pupils ) ‘ . In this essay, I will discourse the effects of globalisation on instruction, peculiarly on formal instruction. In my sentiment, globalisation has brought more positive impacts on instruction and educational system as a whole such as on course of study cours e of study, the schools ‘ and universities ‘ ambiance every bit good as the instruction and larning procedure instead than the negative. There are different classs of globalization as mentioned by Bottery ( 2006 ) ; ‘political globalization, economic globalization, cultural globalization, environmental globalization and demographic globalization ‘ . Each class shows different impacts on the universe and current issues every bit good as instruction. Political globalization shows the spread of political thoughts and that political relations can non be separated from the development of educational sector. As mentioned by Emler and Frazer ( 1999 ) , there is ‘political instruction ‘ which refers to the function of schools and other educational establishments in bring forthing political histrions ; citizens, topics, governors. In order to make this, there need to be some political content in classs and course of study ( Emler and Frazer, 1999 ) . I agree with Emler and Frazer because pupils need to hold exposure to what is go oning in the universe of political relations to fix themselves for the her eafter. For illustration, for future calling, pupils who are interested in arguments and giving talk can be farther trained in higher establishments to be politicians and attorneies. Politicss constitute state, authorities and society. The consequence on instruction is that pupils are cognizant about local and abroad ‘ premier curate and the issues sing this country to be a responsible citizen. Globalisation makes it possible for the information to make everyone in the universe through mass media. In Malaysia, pupils are forbidden from taking portion in political dockets, they are qualified to vote during election at the age of 21. However, most pupils get downing from the secondary schools are familiar with the local political relations, the authorities and resistance, through assorted subjects in their course of study course of study, telecasting intelligence and newspapers. The challenge is that when some pupils may take political relations to the extreme by socking others who have different political positions. Another positive impact of globalization is that instruction adoption can be done within states. ‘Policy borrowing ‘ as defined by Raffe ( 2011 ) is in which ‘best pattern from abroad is identified and transferred back place ‘ . A state can borrow other states ‘ thoughts about instruction and implement them in their educational system. Normally, the 1 that is borrowed from is a successful state such as Finland and the borrower is the underdeveloped state. Sahlberg ( 2009:324 ) has described ‘the accomplishment that Finland has made over clip get downing with the steady growing in engagement in all degrees of Finnish instruction since 1970 to in 1980s, there has been a rapid growing in the upper secondary instruction sector and in 1990s up to now, within third and big instruction sectors ‘ . As Finland is ranked really high for their successful instruction, United Kingdom as a developed state has besides showed involvement in Finnish instructi on. This is similar to sharing thoughts about what is best for their educational system and seek to use to see if it works. Whereas ‘policy larning ‘ as cited by Raffe ( 2011 ) , ‘uses experiences from ‘policy borrowing ‘ for assorted intents, including understanding one ‘s ain system better, placing common tendencies and force per unit areas impacting all systems, clear uping other policy schemes and placing issues raised by each scheme ‘ . By analysing others ‘ instruction system, a state can place the strength and failing of its ain system. Subsequently on governments can make up one's mind whether to go on utilizing the thoughts for few old ages more or to modify to accommodate it with their system. In early yearss, it was a disadvantage for adult females because societies merely allowed work forces to acquire instruction while the misss were denied their rights to travel to school and alternatively were asked to make house jobs. However, as globalisation takes topographic point, issues about equality in instruction for both work forces and adult females are brought up. The universe societies are altering ; adult females ‘ rights to have instruction similar to work forces are being acknowledged. The result is that adult females gain chances to travel to school and pursue higher instruction. As reported this twelvemonth by Catcheside ( 2012 ) , ‘women pupils outnumber work forces by three to two in many universities, and in some establishments where there are big instructions or nursing classs by every bit many as two to one ‘ . I do agree and it is non surprising that the figure of adult females at both schools and universities are higher than the male pupils a nd their accomplishments are more impressive than the males. Catcheside ( 2012 ) has besides approved this in a study ; ‘girls now outstrip male childs in the proportion of top classs achieved in all but a smattering of topics at cardinal phase three. Not merely are they much more likely to acquire good classs than male childs, they are more likely to take cardinal phase 3 makings in the first topographic point ‘ . On another positive note, both male and female pupils are likely to be treated every bit at schools and universities which cut down gender favoritism in educational system. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005:524 ) have criticized that ‘although the instruction gender spread has narrowed in Western states in recent decennaries, many adult females still study traditionally feminine topics such as literature, while work forces prosecute mathematics and technology ‘ . I agree towards certain extent such as adult females are prosecuting nursing and other feminine occupations whereas work forces are likely to travel into military footing, but nowadays they are given more freedom to take what they want to make. There are female pupils who choose technology over literature and secretary ‘s classs and frailty versa. Globalization has besides opened up competition between adult females and work forces in more countries including instruction and employment. It is an optimistic altera tion as parents are more open-minded by schooling their misss and for hapless households ; their educated girls can alter their economic system position by acquiring occupations with their makings. As agreed by Dr. Farooq Wardak ( in Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Ministry of Education, 2010:4 ) , ‘there are strong links between an person ‘s educational degree and his/her economic accomplishments ‘ . The impact of globalization on instruction can besides be seen in the increasing figure of schools being built. Ming ( 2009 ) has reported that in Malaysia ‘the figure of national primary schools have increased from 4844 in 1990 to 5761 in 2005, an addition of 19 % ‘ . Although there are negative effects on environment, development is important to get by with the big figure of pupils that increases each twelvemonth. Ming ( 2009 ) adds, ‘the addition in the figure of national primary schools because of the big addition in the figure of pupils enrolled in them ‘ . Globalisation leads to an addition in population due to the raising rate of migration and birth. Many schools are renovated and equipped with modern installations such as computing machine, cyberspace beginning, research lab setup and projector to guarantee the survey environment is convenient for pupils. Today, globalization has besides supported duplicating programmes between universities to go on, s uch as the B.Ed TESL programme between Malaysian teacher preparation universities and universities in the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia. This programme has given pupils a immense chance to accommodate themselves in English speech production states and better better their proficiency in English. There is besides pupils exchange programme which sends pupils off to other states which can supply better exposure of peculiar Fieldss. For illustration, some technology pupils in Malaysia are sent for a 6-month class in Korea and frailty versa and secondary pupils in Nipponese school are sent to Malaysia for 3 hebdomads to larn about Malaysia. Chin ( 2009 ) has agreed to this sentiment by admiting that ‘higher establishments have become more self-consciously planetary, particularly universities of the advanced states by seeking pupils from different parts of the universe, directing their ain pupils abroad in educational exchange programmes to fix them for planetary callings , offering survey classs which address the challenges of an interrelated universe and collaborative research to progress scientific discipline ‘ . However, there are establishments that found the thought of giving pupils a planetary experience while larning locally rather magnetizing. Choudaha ( 2012 ) has come up with a term ‘glocal ‘ which means ‘global aspirations with local experiences and the accent is on pupils who are willing to pay for a planetary educational pattern while remaining in their place state or part ‘ . Asiatic states such as China, Malaysia and India have been offering ‘glocal ‘ instruction to their local pupils. Meanwhile, states such as the UK and Australia have been innovators in offering multinational instruction and their work force such as instructors and professors are in demand to function glocals ( Choudaha, 2012 ) . In my sentiment, this new section is similar to holding foreign subdivision campuses in local states such as University of Nottingham in Malaysia, China and United Kingdom which are called University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, University of Notti ngham, Ninbo, China and University of Nottingham United Kingdom severally ( Chin, 2009 ) . Apart from that, Monash University has campuses in Australia, Malaysia, China, India, South Africa and Italy ( Chin, 2009 ) which allow local pupils to see what Monash has to offer. They can take portion in assorted classs from scientific discipline watercourse to concern, jurisprudence and humanistic disciplines through planetary and international ambiance. As mentioned by Whitehead ( 2012 ) , ‘historically Malaysia has sent its pupils abroad for their instruction, now it is fixing to change by reversal that place, it wants to go the hub of its part pulling 1000s pupils from across south-east Asia to its universities in immense Numberss by pulling foreign universities to put up abroad campuses ‘ . As per economic system, Ming ( 2009 ) has mentioned that the ‘continuous growing in economic relationships among states, a planetary displacement towards free-market kineticss, and increasing consumerism are some factors impacting establishments of higher instruction i.e. universities ‘ . Hence, because of globalisation there will be more coaction between local and foreign universities, lectors and pupils. Head of the section of economic sciences at the University of Warwick, Abhinay Muthoo ( 2012 ) has commented on the UK ‘s higher instruction system as concern by stating ‘we export instruction, purchased by clients and designed by intellectuals from all corners of the Earth ‘ . For illustration, India is presently pulling pupils from the USA, China, Canada, Germany, Malaysia and Australia to analyze at that place ( Wilson, 2012 ) . Furthermore, states are taking the enterprise to enroll instructors and pedagogues from other states such as Malaysia and Korea are conveying in English instructors from the United States to learn English at their local schools. The consequence is that, English speech production pedagogues could assist supplying a more meaningful lesson to the local pupils. The challenge is foreign pedagogues will hold to larn the local civilizations to suit them in the society and non look impolite or uncomfortable. The alteration in the economic-environment will non merely impact the educational environment and system but besides touristry. Foreigners who come to work may desire to convey their households to the state they are working in and may publicize topographic points of attractive forces in the states to their local friends. Globalisation creates planetary links between states in the universe which enable a smooth flow international trade and planetary market such as touristry, the import and export. Blessinger and Kovbasyuk ( 2012 ) have stated that ‘global acquisition is the cultivation of multiple, diverse, and planetary positions. It allows one to develop the intercultural competences necessary to go a planetary citizen who can understand issues from multiple positions and derive a deeper grasp of and tolerance for diverseness of all types ( cultural, lingual, spiritual, political, for illustration ) ‘ . In footings of societal and cultural, planetary citizens are exposed to the differences of assorted civilizations in the universe and larn about esteeming each other ‘s civilization. Globalisation reduces cultural barriers and enables multicultural democracy among pupils. As kids are populating in a multicultural community, they begin to accept others and are comfy to analyze in a multiracial school. Racism can be avoided specifically among Black, White, Asiatic, non-Asian, Muslim and other faiths if their moral and spiritual instructions are good taught by pedagogues. They can besides larn from their milieus and develop the sense of sensitiveness from their societal interactions at school and outside. As supported by Blessinger and Kovbasyuk ( 2012 ) , ‘within practical planetary communities, pupils and pedagogues can larn to go more socially minded and ethically responsible planetary citizens who, in bend, can assist better relationships in the broader universe community ‘ . Furthermore, through socializing with international pupils can be a manner for non-English pupils to better their proficiency in English. They can pattern utilizing the linguistic communication that they have learned in the schoolroom in a more reliable surrounding. Mohini Mohamed ( 2008:92 ) has stated that ‘students need entree to multicultural environment, appropriate usage of first linguistic communication and utilize effectual English method of content direction every bit good as chance to demo their competency in a assortment of ways †˜ . In other words, globalization has proved that collaborative acquisition between pupils of different cultural background can be a success. The obvious advantage pointed out by Blessinger and Kovbasyuk ( 2012 ) is that ‘working on shared undertakings can enrich pupils ‘ experiences and open them to more critical ways of thought and more originative signifiers of problem-solving ‘ . The jobs that are caused by globalization, socially, when pupils are exposed to other civilizations different from theirs, they can be influenced to blindly follow the civilizations and beliefs even though those are non suited with their milieus. From my observation, some pupils are into Punk and Skinhead based on what they have seen on telecasting programmes and to pattern those in traditional-bound surrounding is non appropriate. Modernization, urbanization, Westernization besides affect pupils ‘ behaviour at school because at some topographic points like Holland weeds, drugs can be bought from street stores. It may do societal job if pupils decide to hold them during school period. Following is in term of interaction, in Korea, non utilizing honorific when mentioning or naming person older than you is non acceptable and considered rude. However, in England and America, to name an aged by name is normal and friendly. Hence, if pupils do non see what is acceptable in the socie ty they are populating in before following other civilizations, it may impact their relationship with others such as instructors. Issues such as homosexualism and tribade are non taboo in some states. For case in France, their openness to homosexualism can be seen in their instruction system. The governments have published text editions incorporating subjects about homosexuals and tribades households which are called as modern households ( Abry et al. , 2008 ) . It means their pupils and adolescents are exposed to this type of lifestyle but in Muslim states like Arab and Malaysia and other states, governments are strongly opposing this affair. Hence, the negative impact is if pupils are influenced by inappropriate civilizations as seen by their society. Another positive impact of globalization on instruction is the debut of engineering, on-line instruction or e-learning at school. E-Learning consulting ( no day of the month ) defines e-learning as the usage of engineering to enable people to larn anytime and anyplace. This fits in the planetary universe because modernisation and urbanisation come together and pupils are comfy with utilizing technological devices and cyberspace. Blessinger and Kovbasyuk ( 2012 ) have agreed that ‘today ‘s pupils hence tend to be more digitally savvy, nomadic and ephemeral, socially connected, and more democratic in their worldview ‘ . Hence, this instruction and larning method of utilizing technological devices will work with our digital coevals. They can hold contact with other overseas ‘ pupils through societal webs to portion about each other civilizations and point of views. One method is ocular acquisition that is done online such as Skype and pupils can hold a treatment yarn in their universities ‘ electronic mail and on Facebook group which can be accomplished outside of a normal schoolroom. In my sentiment, any treatment yarn method is effectual to larning because it is easier for pupils as they can notice on one subject and discuss with other pupils. Unfortunately, online acquisition could be hard to be applied in rural country where cyberspace connexion is barely accessible. However, to accomplish a planetary instruction criterion, many states are taking more earnestly about supplying these technological and modern installations to all schools. For illustration, Wilson ( 2012 ) indicates that ‘virtual acquisition in India can be done because computing machine was rather inexpensive at that place ‘ . In close hereafter, it is non surprising if all schools are equipped with computing machines every bit good as those in rural countries. However, the innovation of tape recording, picture recording, audio recording, PowerPoint pres entation and Interactive Whiteboard ( IWB ) are really utile for pedagogues and pupils in surveies and presentations. The job that will happen is pupils ‘ abuse of the engineering and cyberspace with texting in schoolroom, picture games, online chatting and phonography. Teachers need to supervise the pupils but the pupils besides need to larn to command themselves. In term of course of study, Information and Communication Technology ( ICT ) has now become one of the of import topics at most schools because of globalization. Students are taught basic cognition about computing machine and cyberspace and they are larning utilizing them. For illustration, in Malaysia, pupils besides learn about the connexion between Science and Technology through a topic called English Science and Technology. Knowledge on scientific discipline, mathematics and engineering is besides indispensable to travel frontward with modernization. By utilizing cyberspace, it is possible to demo reliable illustrations of innovations that have been created and groundss of many scientific researches to pupils. The sweetening in Vocational Education and Training ( VET ) is another benefit of globalisation. Advanced preparation offers enable pupils to travel abroad for developing in specialist states. It can either be a really short intensive class or a 2 to 3 old ages programme. H armonizing to Draft National Education Strategic Plan for Afghanistan ( in Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Ministry of Education, 2010:11 ) , the purpose of proficient and vocational instruction and preparation is to ‘to supply relevant and choice proficient and vocational instruction for both males and females in order to enable them to run into the demands of the labour market in Afghanistan and the part, and to lend to the just and balanced development of the state ‘ . Similarly to other states, VET provides chances for pupils who are interested in this field to widen their cognition and to fix them for future calling. Cogburn ( no day of the month ) has stated that ‘the function of cognition within the economic system is taking to a whole scope of new industries and new developments in biotechnology, new stuffs scientific discipline, information sciences, computing machine scientific discipline, et cetera ‘ . Courses such as media, telecommunication and science-related topics are in demand since the universe will necessitate more experts in these Fieldss in the hereafter. Globalisation gives impact on instructors and pedagogues economically through the sum of rewards they receive. The sum additions compared to the epoch before globalization started. Harmonizing to NY Times ( 2011:2 ) , ‘the norm get downing salary for a Finnish instructor was $ 29,000 in 2008 ‘ . Traveling on, globalisation besides effects the employment of fresh alumnuss and pupils that have completed high schools in this epoch. Cantu ( 2003 ) has mentioned that ‘the lowest rewards for this decennary were for persons with some high school and no grade. The highest rewards throughout the decennary were for persons who had attained a professional grade. The educational degrees whose average rewards were the closest were Professional and Doctorate grades ‘ . It shows how importance is instruction to last in this urbanisation and competitory universe and to suit kids to the on the job universe. Cantu ( 2003 ) has said that ‘the more notable statistic is the fact that the less instruction a individual receives, the more likely they will be unemployed. While more instruction does non vouch employment, the higher the instruction degree, the more competitory a individual will be in the occupation market ‘ . However, taking Malaysia as an illustration, globalization has changed Malayan course of study in footings of boring pupils to memorize to giving pupils more chance to be originative and believe more critically. Norsiah Fauzan ( no date:173 ) has commented by stating ‘our educational system and course of study alterations its accent from memory based larning to an instruction that stimulates believing, creativeness, lovingness, providing for single abilities and larning manners ‘ . Norsiah Fauzan ( no date:173 ) adds, ‘we are seeking for a meaningful, socially responsible, multicultural, holistic and technological course of study beside looking for a more planetary manner to better the quality of instruction concentrating on values, attitudes and behaviour in a society full of diverseness particularly in footings of race and civilization ‘ . From my experience, I recall when I was a primary and secondary school pupils, I spent most of my clip analyzing for tes ts by memorising notes and even theoretical account essays. The purpose was no other than to go through tests with good Markss even though I did non to the full understand the lesson or the aim of analyzing subjects such as algebra and square root in Mathematics. As globalization and internalization are germinating quickly, the governments have decided that pupils need to be trained to be all-rounded and that instruction should learn pupils to pattern their cognition. In order to vie in the planetary universe, competence and accomplishments are of import. Other than that, because of globalisation, English has become an of import linguistic communication to the universe. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005 ) have cited, ‘English is quickly emerging as the preferable 2nd linguistic communication of most of the universe ‘ . The consequence on instruction is that English is one of the nucleus topics in most schools and universities across the universe. Apart from prioritising one ‘s ain native linguistic communication, to hold a good English proficiency is indispensable as it is a lingua franca to link with other states in the universe. Mohini Mohamed ( 2008:90 ) says that ‘the ground for utilizing English can be seen as useful in nature because they hope by geting and get the hanging English among their pupils can better their chance in the occupation market ‘ . Books, articles, diaries and cyberspace beginnings are largely published in English and assignments and undertaking plants at higher establishments are in E nglish. Students at schools study English literature poesy from assorted renowned poets such as Shakespeare and Dickens and some pupils major in Literature at higher instruction. They do non entirely larn their ain literature but besides literature of other civilizations in different states. Students in the English speech production states learn other esteemed linguistic communication such as Spanish and Gallic. Students besides learn about humanistic disciplines originated from other states such as the celebrated Masaccio ‘s and Leonardo da Vinci ‘s plants. All these are cogent evidence for ‘cultural hybridization ‘ that occurs due to globalization and universalisation. It refers to the ways in which parts of a civilization ( linguistic communication, patterns, and symbols ) are recombined with the other civilizations which happens a batch nowadays ( Macionis and Plummer, 2005 ) . Education in globalised universe, although it transfers cultural values, it can besides do societal inequalities and societal divisions. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005:521 ) have explained that ‘education becomes a agency for the reproduction of society ‘s inequalities: it can move as a agency of societal control, reenforcing credence of the position quo and may run to reproduce the position hierarchy ‘ . The state of affairs is normally occurred in private or elect schools. Students analyzing in private and elect schools are usually from affluent and high position households while those in national schools have mix household backgrounds. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005:517 ) has shown an illustration in British elite schools ‘such elect schools non merely learn academic topics, they besides convey to kids from affluent households the typical forms of address, idiosyncrasies and societal graces of British upper category ‘ . Parents pay expensive school fees to register their kids in elect schools. Social division occurs because elect school pupils have fewer opportunities to blend with working category pupils in the community. Their societal circle is restricted to pupils of similar societal criterions and backgrounds. Hence, they may make their ain perceptual experiences of pupils outside their societal circle without cognizing them which can take to downgrading others. In decision, globalization is so has helped a batch in the development of the educational sector. Although different authorities has different docket to better their instruction system, we are all working to accomplish the planetary instruction criterions and to bring forth planetary citizens. Macionis and Plummer ( 2005 ) have commented that ‘societies around the universe now have more contact with one another ; bask more cooperation, than of all time before. These planetary connexions involve the flow of goods, information and people ‘ . In the hereafter, I hope there will be more positive impacts on instruction from globalization and that the negative impacts can be reduced from clip to clip.